Ha Eun-Hee, Lee Jong-Tae, Kim Ho, Hong Yun-Chul, Lee Bo-Eun, Park Hye-Sook, Christiani David C
Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Medical Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul, South Korea.
Pediatrics. 2003 Feb;111(2):284-90. doi: 10.1542/peds.111.2.284.
Susceptibility of target populations to air pollution is an important issue, because air pollution policies and standards should be based on the susceptibilities of those at particular risk. To evaluate which age group is more susceptible to the adverse health effects of air pollution, we compared the effects of air pollution on mortality among postneonates, those aged 2 to 64 years, and those over 65 years of age.
Daily counts of total and respiratory death along with daily levels of meteorological variables and air pollutants were analyzed using generalized additive Poisson regression. The relative risks (RR) of mortality for interquartile changes of the levels of particulate matter <10 micro m (PM(10)) were calculated on the same day.
For postneonates, the RR of total mortality for an interquartile change (42.9 micro g/m(3)) in PM(10) (RR: 1.142; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.096-1.190) was greatest among age groups. Next were the elderly over 65 years of age (RR: 1.023; 95% CI: 1.022-1.024). Regarding respiratory mortality, RR for an interquartile change of PM(10) in postneonates (RR: 2.018; 95% CI: 1.784-2.283) was also greater than those in the other groups.
These results agree with the hypothesis that infants are most susceptible to PM(10) in terms of mortality, particularly respiratory mortality.
目标人群对空气污染的易感性是一个重要问题，因为空气污染政策和标准应基于特定风险人群的易感性。为了评估哪个年龄组更容易受到空气污染对健康的不利影响，我们比较了空气污染对新生儿后期、2至64岁人群以及65岁以上人群死亡率的影响。
使用广义相加泊松回归分析每日总死亡和呼吸道死亡计数以及每日气象变量和空气污染物水平。计算了同一天颗粒物<10微米（PM10）水平四分位间距变化导致的死亡率相对风险（RR）。
对于新生儿后期，PM10四分位间距变化（42.9微克/立方米）导致的总死亡率相对风险（RR：1.142；95%置信区间[CI]：1.096 - 1.190）在各年龄组中最高。其次是65岁以上的老年人（RR：1.023；95% CI：1.022 - 1.024）。关于呼吸道死亡率，新生儿后期PM10四分位间距变化的RR（RR：2.018；95% CI：1.784 - 2.283）也高于其他组。
这些结果与婴儿在死亡率方面，尤其是呼吸道死亡率方面对PM10最易感的假设一致。
