Yamamoto Nobuhiko, Tamada Atsushi, Murakami Fujio
Laboratory of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
Prog Neurobiol. 2002 Dec;68(6):393-407. doi: 10.1016/s0301-0082(02)00129-6.
During development of the central nervous system, growth cones navigate along specific pathways, recognize their targets and then form synaptic connections by elaborating terminal arbors. To date, a number of developmental and in vitro studies have characterized the nature of the guidance cues that underlie various types of axonal behavior, from initial outgrowth to synapse formation, including pathway selection, polarized growth, orientated growth, termination and branching. New approaches in molecular biology have identified several types of guidance cues, most of which are likely to act as local cues. Moreover, recent studies have indicated that axonal responsiveness to guidance cues changes dynamically, which appears to be elicited by environmental factors encountered by the navigating growth cones. This article addresses what molecular cues are responsible for guidance mechanisms including axonal responsiveness, focusing on axonal behavior in the developmental stages.
在中枢神经系统发育过程中，生长锥沿着特定路径导航，识别其靶标，然后通过形成终末分支来建立突触连接。迄今为止，许多发育学研究和体外研究已经阐明了各种轴突行为（从最初的生长到突触形成，包括路径选择、极化生长、定向生长、终止和分支）背后的导向线索的性质。分子生物学的新方法已经确定了几种类型的导向线索，其中大多数可能作为局部线索起作用。此外，最近的研究表明，轴突对导向线索的反应是动态变化的，这似乎是由导航生长锥遇到的环境因素引发的。本文探讨了哪些分子线索负责包括轴突反应性在内的导向机制，重点关注发育阶段的轴突行为。
