Sugerman P B, Savage N W
AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA.
Aust Dent J. 2002 Dec;47(4):290-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2002.tb00540.x.
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. In this paper we review the clinical and histological features of OLP, process of OLP diagnosis, causes of OLP, management of OLP patients and medical treatment of OLP lesions. Approximately 0.2 per cent OLP patients develop intra-oral carcinoma each year compared with approximately 0.005 per cent Australian adults. Possible mechanisms of increased oral cancer risk in OLP patients are presented. The aims of current OLP therapy are to eliminate mucosal erythema and ulceration, alleviate symptoms and reduce the risk of oral cancer. Patient education may improve the outcomes of OLP therapy and further reduce the risk of oral cancer in OLP patients. Although OLP may be diagnosed clinically, appropriate specialist referral is required for: (i) histological diagnosis; (ii) assessment of causative/exacerbating factors, associated diseases and oral cancer risk; (iii) patient education and management; (iv) medical treatment; and (v) long-term review and re-biopsy as required.
口腔扁平苔藓（OLP）是一种病因不明的慢性炎症性疾病。本文回顾了口腔扁平苔藓的临床和组织学特征、诊断过程、病因、患者管理以及病损的药物治疗。与约0.005%的澳大利亚成年人相比，每年约有0.2%的口腔扁平苔藓患者发生口腔癌。文中介绍了口腔扁平苔藓患者口腔癌风险增加的可能机制。目前口腔扁平苔藓治疗的目标是消除黏膜红斑和溃疡、缓解症状并降低口腔癌风险。患者教育可能会改善口腔扁平苔藓的治疗效果，并进一步降低患者患口腔癌的风险。尽管口腔扁平苔藓可通过临床诊断，但在以下情况下需要适当转诊至专科医生：（i）组织学诊断；（ii）评估病因/加重因素、相关疾病及口腔癌风险；（iii）患者教育与管理；（iv）药物治疗；（v）根据需要进行长期复查和再次活检。
