Ortner Catherine N M, MacDonald Tara K, Olmstead Mary C
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Canada.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2003 Mar-Apr;38(2):151-6. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agg041.
To examine the moderating effects of alcohol myopia on cognitive impulsivity in humans using the delay-discounting paradigm.
Seventy-six male undergraduate students were randomly assigned to sober, placebo or alcohol conditions. In the delay-discounting task, participants made a series of hypothetical choices between a small, immediate reward and a large, delayed reward. To test the predictions of alcohol myopia theory, participants completed a standard version of the task or one containing cues which impelled the impulsive choice (i.e. preference for the small, immediate reward). Participants also completed a personality measure of impulsivity and the go/no-go task, which assesses motor impulsivity.
Intoxicated participants tended to discount delayed rewards at lower rates than sober participants, and blood alcohol level was inversely correlated with delay discounting. The impelling cues did not moderate the effects of alcohol on delay discounting.
Alcohol intoxication does not always increase cognitive impulsivity and may lead to more cautious decision-making under certain conditions.
使用延迟折扣范式研究酒精近视对人类认知冲动性的调节作用。
76名男性本科生被随机分配到清醒、安慰剂或酒精条件组。在延迟折扣任务中，参与者在小的即时奖励和大的延迟奖励之间进行一系列假设选择。为了检验酒精近视理论的预测，参与者完成了标准版本的任务或包含促使冲动选择（即偏好小的即时奖励）线索的任务。参与者还完成了冲动性的人格测量和评估运动冲动性的停止信号任务。
醉酒的参与者倾向于比清醒的参与者以更低的比率折扣延迟奖励，并且血液酒精水平与延迟折扣呈负相关。促使线索并未调节酒精对延迟折扣的影响。
酒精中毒并不总是增加认知冲动性，在某些情况下可能导致更谨慎的决策。
