Krause Neal, Rook Karen S
Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health and Institute of Gerontology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-2029, USA.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2003 Mar;58(2):P88-99. doi: 10.1093/geronb/58.2.p88.
This study used an inductive approach to probe more deeply into the nature of negative interaction in late life. The data come from a nationwide longitudinal survey of older adults (N = 515). We began with two empirical observations and derived theoretical propositions from them that have not been explored extensively in mainstream gerontological research on negative interaction. First, the findings reveal that unpleasant interaction is quite stable over a 6-year period. This suggests that interpersonal difficulties are chronic stressors that may arise because at least some older people are involved in conflicted relationships that are difficult to terminate. The second empirical finding reveals that older adults who encounter interpersonal problems in one social relationship (e.g., with children) tend to encounter them in others as well (e.g., with friends). This suggests that some older people may play a role in creating the negative interactions they encounter.
本研究采用归纳法更深入地探究晚年负面互动的本质。数据来自一项针对老年人的全国性纵向调查（N = 515）。我们从两个实证观察入手，并从中推导出理论命题，而这些命题在关于负面互动的主流老年学研究中尚未得到广泛探讨。首先，研究结果表明，不愉快的互动在6年期间相当稳定。这表明人际困难是慢性应激源，可能是因为至少一些老年人卷入了难以终止的冲突关系中。第二个实证发现表明，在一种社会关系（如与子女）中遇到人际问题的老年人，在其他关系（如与朋友）中也往往会遇到此类问题。这表明一些老年人可能在他们所遭遇的负面互动的形成中起到了作用。
