Ingle Nina M R
Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Oecologia. 2003 Jan;134(2):251-61. doi: 10.1007/s00442-002-1081-7. Epub 2002 Nov 27.
In the moist Neotropics, vertebrate frugivores have a much greater role in the dispersal of forest and successional woody plants than wind, and bats rather than birds play the dominant role in dispersing early successional species. I investigated whether these patterns also occurred in a Philippine montane rainforest and adjacent successional vegetation. I also asked whether seed mass was related to probability of dispersal between habitats. A greater number of woody species and stems in the forest produced vertebrate-dispersed seeds than wind-dispersed seeds. Although input of forest seeds into the successional area was dominated by vertebrate-dispersed seeds in terms of species richness, wind-dispersed seeds landed in densities 15 times higher. Frugivorous birds dispersed more forest seeds and species into the successional area than bats, and more successional seeds and species into the forest. As expected, seed input declined with distance from source habitat. Low input of forest seeds into the successional area at the farthest distance sampled, 40 m from forest edge, particularly for vertebrate-dispersed seeds, suggests very limited dispersal out of forest even into a habitat in which woody successional vegetation provides perches and fruit resources. For species of vertebrate-dispersed successional seeds, probability of dispersal into forest declined significantly with seed mass.
在潮湿的新热带地区，脊椎动物食果者在森林和演替木本植物的传播中所起的作用比风大得多，并且在传播早期演替物种方面，蝙蝠而非鸟类发挥着主导作用。我研究了这些模式是否也出现在菲律宾山地雨林和相邻的演替植被中。我还询问了种子质量是否与栖息地之间传播的概率相关。森林中更多的木本物种和茎产生的是脊椎动物传播的种子，而非风传播的种子。尽管就物种丰富度而言，进入演替区域的森林种子输入以脊椎动物传播的种子为主，但风传播的种子落地密度要高15倍。食果鸟类传播到演替区域的森林种子和物种比蝙蝠多，传播到森林中的演替种子和物种也更多。正如预期的那样，种子输入随着与源栖息地距离的增加而减少。在距森林边缘40米处采样的最远距离，进入演替区域的森林种子输入量很低，特别是对于脊椎动物传播的种子，这表明即使进入一个木本演替植被提供栖息处和果实资源的栖息地，从森林向外的传播也非常有限。对于脊椎动物传播的演替种子物种，传播到森林中的概率随着种子质量的增加而显著下降。
