Yamaguchi N, Gazzard D, Scholey G, Macdonald D W
Department of Zoology, Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.
Chemosphere. 2003 Jan;50(3):265-73. doi: 10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00482-4.
Aquatic environmental contamination levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and heavy metals in the Upper Thames catchment area, UK were assessed on the basis of fish muscle analysis in wet weight, and their effects on top predators were assessed. The contamination levels of lead, cadmium, dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites were found to be low (undetectable) in the area. Average mercury contamination level varied between 55 and 342 microg/kg, dieldrin between less than 0.09 and 36.8, lindane between < 0.08 and 4.94, and PCBs between < 0.77 and 3.32. Eels (Anguilla anguilla) had always much higher concentration of OCPs compared to the other fishes from the same monitoring sites. The environmental contamination level of PCBs may be partly associated with industrial and human activities, however, it was difficult to find such associations for mercury level. The hazard indices (HI) of both dieldrin and PCBs were below 1 for mink (Mustela vison). However, the HI of mercury of the all fish species from all monitoring sites are above 1 for mink. These contamination levels may be less harmful to polecats (Mustela putorius), but more so to otters (Lutra lutra) as their diets are dominated by aquatic prey.
基于对英国泰晤士河上游集水区鱼类肌肉湿重的分析，评估了该地区有机氯农药（OCPs）、多氯联苯（PCBs）和重金属的水生环境污染水平，并评估了它们对顶级捕食者的影响。该地区铅、镉、二氯二苯三氯乙烷（DDT）及其代谢物的污染水平较低（未检测到）。汞的平均污染水平在55至342微克/千克之间，狄氏剂在低于0.09至36.8之间，林丹在<0.08至4.94之间，多氯联苯在<0.77至3.32之间。与来自相同监测地点的其他鱼类相比，鳗鱼（欧洲鳗鲡）体内的有机氯农药浓度一直要高得多。多氯联苯的环境污染水平可能部分与工业和人类活动有关，然而，很难找到汞水平与这些活动的关联。狄氏剂和多氯联苯对水貂（鼬属）的危害指数（HI）均低于1。然而，所有监测地点所有鱼类物种对水貂的汞危害指数均高于1。这些污染水平对鸡貂（艾鼬）的危害可能较小，但对水獭（水獭属）的危害可能更大，因为它们的食物主要是水生猎物。
