Muth C M, Radermacher P, Pittner A, Steinacker J, Schabana R, Hamich S, Paulat K, Calzia E
Division of Pathophysiology and Process Development in Anaesthesia, Department of Anaesthesiology, University Medical School Ulm, Parkstrasse 11, 89073 Ulm, Germany.
Int J Sports Med. 2003 Feb;24(2):104-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2003-38401.
Elite apnea divers have considerably extended the limits of dive depth and duration but the mechanisms allowing humans to tolerate the compression- and decompression-induced changes in alveolar gas partial pressures are still not fully understood. Therefore we measured arterial blood gas tensions and acid-base-status in two elite apnea divers during simulated wet dives lasting 3 : 55 and 5 : 05 minutes, respectively. Arterial pO2 followed the compression-(from 13.8/16.9 kPa before the dive to 30 kPa at the start of the bottom time) and decompression-induced (from 13.7/21.0 kPa to 3.3/4.9 kPa immediately after surfacing) variations of ambient pressure, while the arterial pCO2 remained within the physiologic range (3.0/3.9 kPa before diving vs. 5.7/5.9 kPa at the end of the bottom time), probably due to the CO2 storage capacity of the blood. These findings may help to explain why humans can sustain deep and long apnea dives without major increases in respiratory drive.
精英屏气潜水员已大幅拓展了潜水深度和时长的极限，但人类耐受肺泡气体分压因压缩和减压而产生变化的机制仍未完全明晰。因此，我们分别在两名精英屏气潜水员进行时长为3分55秒和5分05秒的模拟湿式潜水过程中，测量了他们的动脉血气张力和酸碱状态。动脉血氧分压随环境压力的压缩变化（潜水前为13.8/16.9千帕，在水底停留开始时升至30千帕）和解压变化（浮出水面后立即从13.7/21.0千帕降至3.3/4.9千帕）而变化，而动脉血二氧化碳分压则保持在生理范围内（潜水前为3.0/3.9千帕，水底停留结束时为5.7/5.9千帕），这可能归因于血液的二氧化碳储存能力。这些发现或许有助于解释为何人类能够在不显著增加呼吸驱动力的情况下维持深度和长时间的屏气潜水。
