Bunce Campbell J, Loudon Peter T, Akers Catherine, Dobson Jennifer, Wood Doreen M
Xenova Research Ltd, 310 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, CB4 0WG, UK.
Curr Opin Mol Ther. 2003 Feb;5(1):58-63.
The social and economic consequences of drug addiction are immense. Although many methods are adopted to treat addiction, including therapeutic intervention and counseling, the long-term success rate has been limited and there continues to be a need for more effective treatments. A novel approach that has sparked a significant degree of interest recently is the use of vaccines designed to raise specific antibodies against drugs of abuse. Antibodies that prevent addictive substances crossing the blood-brain barrier may prove to be an effective mechanism that will help prevent relapse during efforts to abstain from the drug. Proof-of-principle for this approach has been established in numerous animal models. Currently a cocaine vaccine is in phase II clinical trials and, more recently, two vaccines to nicotine have entered phase I trials. Key efficacy trials are required to establish the true potential of these therapeutic vaccines.
药物成瘾所带来的社会和经济后果是巨大的。尽管人们采用了许多方法来治疗成瘾，包括治疗干预和咨询，但长期成功率一直有限，因此仍需要更有效的治疗方法。最近引发了广泛关注的一种新方法是使用旨在产生针对滥用药物的特异性抗体的疫苗。能够防止成瘾物质穿过血脑屏障的抗体可能是一种有效的机制，有助于在戒毒过程中预防复吸。这种方法的原理验证已在众多动物模型中得到证实。目前，一种可卡因疫苗正处于二期临床试验阶段，最近，两种尼古丁疫苗已进入一期试验。需要进行关键的疗效试验来确定这些治疗性疫苗的真正潜力。
