Engels Hermann-J, Fahlman Mariane M, Wirth John C
Division of Kinesiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003 Apr;35(4):690-6. doi: 10.1249/01.MSS.0000058363.23986.D2.
This study examined the efficacy of ginseng to modulate secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), exercise performance, and recovery from repeated bouts of strenuous physical exertion.
Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized design, 38 active healthy adults supplemented their diets with a standardized ginseng concentrate (400 mg.d-1 of G115; equivalent to 2 g of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer root material) or placebo (lactose) for 8 wk. Before and after the intervention, each subject performed three consecutive 30-s Wingate tests interspersed with 3-min recovery periods under controlled laboratory conditions. SIgA secretion rate (S-SIgA) and the relation of SIgA to total protein were calculated from measures of saliva flow rate (SFR), and absolute SIgA and salivary protein concentrations in timed, whole unstimulated saliva samples collected before and after exercise testing. Peak and mean mechanical power output (W.kg-1) was measured with an infrared-beam optical-sensor array, and exercise recovery heart rate (HRR) was determined electrocardiographically.
Twenty-seven subjects (12 placebo, 15 ginseng) completed the study. Compared with rest, S-SIgA, SIgA:protein ratio, and SFR were lower after exercise at baseline (P < 0.05). Similarly, both peak and mean mechanical power output declined (P < 0.01) across consecutive Wingate tests. Postintervention minus preintervention change scores for salivary parameters, exercise performance, and HRR were similar between ginseng- and placebo-treated groups (P > 0.05).
These findings do not support the hypothesis that ginseng may affect mucosal immunity as indicated by changes in secretory IgA at rest and after an exercise induced state of homeostatic disturbance. Supplementation with ginseng fails to improve physical performance and heart rate recovery of individuals undergoing repeated bouts of exhausting exercise.
本研究探讨人参对调节分泌型免疫球蛋白A（SIgA）、运动表现以及从反复剧烈体力消耗中恢复的功效。
采用双盲、安慰剂对照、随机设计，38名健康活跃的成年人在其饮食中补充标准化人参浓缩物（G115，400毫克/天，相当于2克人参根材料）或安慰剂（乳糖），为期8周。在干预前后，每个受试者在受控实验室条件下进行三次连续的30秒温盖特测试，中间穿插3分钟恢复期。根据唾液流速（SFR）测量值以及运动测试前后定时采集的未刺激全唾液样本中的绝对SIgA和唾液蛋白浓度，计算SIgA分泌率（S-SIgA）以及SIgA与总蛋白的关系。使用红外光束光学传感器阵列测量峰值和平均机械功率输出（瓦特·千克-1），并通过心电图测定运动恢复心率（HRR）。
27名受试者（12名安慰剂组，15名人参组）完成了研究。与静息状态相比，基线运动后S-SIgA、SIgA:蛋白比率和SFR较低（P<0.05）。同样，在连续的温盖特测试中，峰值和平均机械功率输出均下降（P<0.01）。人参治疗组和安慰剂治疗组在唾液参数、运动表现和HRR的干预后减去干预前变化得分相似（P>0.05）。
这些发现不支持以下假设，即人参可能会影响黏膜免疫，如静息状态下以及运动引起的内稳态紊乱状态后分泌型IgA的变化所示。补充人参未能改善反复进行高强度运动的个体的身体表现和心率恢复情况。
