Sadé J, Berco E
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1976 Mar-Apr;85(2 Suppl 25 Pt 2):66-72. doi: 10.1177/00034894760850S214.
That condition where the tympanic membrane is displaced toward the promontory is termed atelectasis. Thirty-seven patients (61 ears) showing various degrees of atelectasis graded from stage 1 to stage 4 were studied. Atelectatic drums are an inflammatory phenomenon occurring in underventilated ears. This conclusion is reached by considering the reversibility of the atelectasis upon ventilation; while the inflammatory factor can be deduced from the history and histopathology of the atelectatic drum, as well as the histology of the necrosed incus, the latter occurs in over a third of our cases. Also pneumatization of the mastoid is almost never present. Twelve (21%) of the ears treated did indeed develop a perforation at one time or another (two had cholesteatomas). Chronic granulating external otitis with specific features occurred in 15% of cases. The characteristics of these ears and their case histories lead us to view atelectatic ears as part of the otitis media syndrome, where their place is somehow transitional between secretory otitis media on the one hand and chronic otitis media on the other.
鼓膜向岬部移位的这种情况被称为肺不张。对37例（61耳）表现出从1期到4期不同程度肺不张的患者进行了研究。肺不张鼓膜是一种发生在通气不良耳朵中的炎症现象。得出这一结论是考虑到通气后肺不张的可逆性；而炎症因素可从肺不张鼓膜的病史和组织病理学以及坏死砧骨的组织学推断出来，后者在我们三分之一以上的病例中出现。此外，乳突几乎从不出现气化。接受治疗的耳朵中有12耳（21%）确实曾一度出现穿孔（2耳有胆脂瘤）。15%的病例出现具有特定特征的慢性肉芽性外耳道炎。这些耳朵的特征及其病史使我们将肺不张耳朵视为中耳炎综合征的一部分，其在某种程度上处于分泌性中耳炎和慢性中耳炎之间的过渡位置。
