Meesters K P H, Van Groenestijn J W, Gerritse J
TNO Environment, Energy and Process Innovation, P.O. Box 342, 7300 AH Apeldoorn, The Netherlands.
Water Res. 2003 Feb;37(3):525-32. doi: 10.1016/s0043-1354(02)00354-8.
Biofouling is a serious problem in industrial recirculating cooling systems. It damages equipment, through biocorrosion, and causes clogging and increased energy consumption, through decreased heat transfer. In this research a fixed-bed biofilter was developed which removed assimilable organic carbon (AOC) from process water, thus limiting the major substrate for the growth of biofouling. The biofilter was tested in a laboratory model recirculating cooling water system, including a heat exchanger and a cooling tower. A second identical model system without a biofilter served as a reference. Both installations were challenged with organic carbon (sucrose and yeast extract) to provoke biofouling. The biofilter improved the quality of the recirculating cooling water by reducing the AOC content, the ATP concentration, bacterial numbers (30-40 fold) and the turbidity (OD660). The process of biofouling in the heat exchangers, the process water pipelines and the cooling towers, was monitored by protein increase, heat transfer resistance, and chlorine demanded for maintenance. This revealed that biofouling was lower in the system with the biofilter compared to the reference installation. It was concluded that AOC removal through biofiltration provides an attractive, environmental-friendly means to reduce biofouling in industrial cooling systems.
生物污垢是工业循环冷却系统中的一个严重问题。它会通过生物腐蚀损坏设备，并通过降低传热导致堵塞和能耗增加。在本研究中，开发了一种固定床生物滤池，用于去除工艺水中的可同化有机碳（AOC），从而限制生物污垢生长的主要底物。该生物滤池在实验室模型循环冷却水系统中进行了测试，该系统包括一个热交换器和一座冷却塔。另一个没有生物滤池的相同模型系统用作参考。两个装置都用有机碳（蔗糖和酵母提取物）进行挑战以引发生物污垢。生物滤池通过降低AOC含量、ATP浓度、细菌数量（30 - 40倍）和浊度（OD660）提高了循环冷却水的质量。通过蛋白质增加、传热阻力和维持所需的氯量来监测热交换器、工艺水管道和冷却塔中的生物污垢过程。结果表明，与参考装置相比，装有生物滤池的系统中生物污垢较少。得出的结论是，通过生物过滤去除AOC为减少工业冷却系统中的生物污垢提供了一种有吸引力的、环保的方法。
