土壤治理对居住在原冶炼和选矿厂附近儿童血铅水平的影响。

The effect of soil abatement on blood lead levels in children living near a former smelting and milling operation.

作者信息

Lanphear Bruce P, Succop Paul, Roda Sandra, Henningsen Gerry

机构信息

Cincinnati Children's Environmental Health Center, Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH 45229, USA.

出版信息

Public Health Rep. 2003 Mar-Apr;118(2):83-91. doi: 10.1093/phr/118.2.83.

DOI:10.1093/phr/118.2.83

PMID:12690062

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1497522/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effect of soil abatement on children's blood lead concentrations and on environmental levels of lead and arsenic.

METHODS

Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted. The first (1989) was of a random sample of 6- to 72-month-old children (n=112). The second (1998) included all 6- to 72-month-old children whose parents agreed to participate in the survey (n=215). From 1993 to 1996, soil abatement was conducted around homes with average soil lead concentration >500 parts per million (ppm). Venipuncture blood samples were taken, interviews were conducted, and samples of house dust, soil, water, and paint were tested for lead and arsenic, using identical protocols in both surveys. The expected decline in blood lead concentrations were calculated for children who lived in houses that were abated, compared with children who lived in houses that were not abated.

RESULTS

Lead and arsenic in soil and interior dust in homes that underwent soil abatement declined significantly compared to unabated homes (p<.05). After adjustment for potential confounders, the blood lead concentration in children ages 6 to 72 months who lived in soil-abated housing declined 42.8% faster than children who lived in unabated housing (p=0.14). In children ages 6 to 36 months, the decline was 45.4% faster (p=0.03). The estimated reduction in blood lead for children ages 6 to 36 months was 3.5 micro g/dL for every 1,000 ppm reduction in soil lead concentration (95% confidence interval [CI]=2.4 micro g/dL, 4.6 micro g/dL).

CONCLUSION

Soil abatement was associated with a significant decline in children's blood lead and indoor environmental levels of lead and arsenic.

摘要

目的

评估土壤治理对儿童血铅浓度以及环境中铅和砷含量的影响。

方法

进行了两次横断面调查。第一次（1989年）对6至72个月大的儿童进行随机抽样（n = 112）。第二次（1998年）纳入了所有父母同意参与调查的6至72个月大儿童（n = 215）。1993年至1996年期间，对平均土壤铅浓度>500 ppm的家庭周围进行了土壤治理。采集静脉血样本，进行访谈，并按照两次调查相同的方案对房屋灰尘、土壤、水和油漆样本进行铅和砷检测。计算了居住在已治理房屋中的儿童与未治理房屋中的儿童血铅浓度的预期下降情况。

结果

与未治理的房屋相比，进行土壤治理的房屋中土壤和室内灰尘中的铅和砷含量显著下降（p<0.05）。在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，居住在土壤治理房屋中的6至72个月大儿童的血铅浓度下降速度比居住在未治理房屋中的儿童快42.8%（p = 0.14）。在6至36个月大的儿童中，下降速度快45.4%（p = 0.03）。土壤铅浓度每降低1000 ppm，6至36个月大儿童的血铅估计降低3.5 μg/dL（95%置信区间[CI]=2.4 μg/dL，4.6 μg/dL）。