HIV感染成人的淋巴细胞间质性肺炎
Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis in HIV infected adults.
作者信息
Das S, Miller R F
机构信息
Department of Genitourinary and HIV Medicine, Whittall Street Clinic, Whittall Street, Birmingham B4 6DH, UK.
出版信息
Sex Transm Infect. 2003 Apr;79(2):88-93. doi: 10.1136/sti.79.2.88.
OBJECTIVES
To describe current knowledge on the aetiology, pathology, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis in HIV infected adults.
METHODS
A Medline search was performed using the key words "HIV," "pneumonitis," and "lymphocytes." A further search was performed with the MESH heading "interstitial lung disorders." Related articles were also searched using Pubmed.
RESULTS
Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis is a common complication in HIV infected children. In adults it is uncommon and is described most commonly among black African and Afro-Caribbean patients. The aetiology and pathogenesis of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis in HIV infection is not clear. The clinical and radiological presentations may be indistinguishable from Pneumocystis carinii infection and a lung biopsy is necessary to establish the diagnosis. Recent evidence suggests that lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis in HIV infected patients may respond to combination antiretroviral therapy with dramatic improvements in clinical and radiological abnormalities.
CONCLUSION
Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis in HIV infected patients is a treatable condition. This condition should be considered in HIV infected patients presenting with respiratory symptoms as they may gain considerable benefit from antiretroviral therapy.
目的
描述目前关于HIV感染成人淋巴细胞间质性肺炎的病因、病理、表现、诊断及治疗的知识。
方法
使用关键词“HIV”、“肺炎”和“淋巴细胞”进行Medline检索。使用医学主题词表（MESH）中的“间质性肺疾病”进行进一步检索。还通过PubMed检索相关文章。
结果
淋巴细胞间质性肺炎是HIV感染儿童的常见并发症。在成人中并不常见，最常见于非洲黑人及非洲加勒比裔患者。HIV感染中淋巴细胞间质性肺炎的病因和发病机制尚不清楚。其临床和放射学表现可能与卡氏肺孢子虫感染难以区分，因此需要进行肺活检以明确诊断。最近的证据表明，HIV感染患者的淋巴细胞间质性肺炎可能对抗逆转录病毒联合疗法有反应，临床和放射学异常会有显著改善。
结论
HIV感染患者的淋巴细胞间质性肺炎是一种可治疗的疾病。对于出现呼吸道症状的HIV感染患者应考虑这种疾病，因为他们可能从抗逆转录病毒治疗中获得相当大的益处。
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