Napolitano Melissa A, Fotheringham Michael, Tate Deborah, Sciamanna Christopher, Leslie Eva, Owen Neville, Bauman Adrian, Marcus Bess
Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, Brown Medical School and The Miriam Hospital, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2003 Spring;25(2):92-9. doi: 10.1207/S15324796ABM2502_04.
The Internet has the potential for delivering innovative, interactive physical activity (PA) interventions to large numbers of people. This study was designed to test the efficacy of an Internet intervention that consisted of a Web site plus 12 weekly e-mail tip sheets, compared with a waiting list control group. The Internet intervention was theory based and emphasized clear, graphical presentation of PA information. Sixty-five (30 intervention and 35 control) sedentary adult employees of several large hospitals (9 men and 56 women) were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 study arms. Of the 65 participants, 57 completed the 1-month follow-up, and 52 completed the 3-month follow-up. At both 1 and 3 months, those in the intervention group were significantly more likely to have progressed in stage of motivational readiness for PA than participants in the control group: 1 month, c2(1, N =52) =4.05, p <.05; 3 months, c2(1, N =52) =6.45, p <.01. We hypothesized that at 1 and 3 months, the intervention group would exhibit significant increases relative to the control group on the number of minutes of moderate activity. At the 1-month assessment, the intervention group did exhibit significant increases, relative to the control group in moderate minutes, F(1, 54) =5.79, p <.05; however, at the 3-month assessment this difference was no longer significant. In addition, secondary analyses were conducted to examine total number of minutes of walking reported. At 1 month, the intervention group did exhibit significant increases, relative to the control group, in walking minutes, F(1, 54) =12.1, p <.001. At the 3-month assessment, amount of time spent in walking activity continued to be significantly higher for the intervention group compared with the control group, F(1, 48) =5.2, p <.05. These findings show that a theoretically based PA Web site and weekly e-mail tip sheets can have a short-term impact on PA motivation and behavior both at 1 and 3 months. As Internet access increases, and as bandwidth and other technical attributes of this medium improve, Web site delivered health behavior interventions will become increasingly useful in public health promotion.
互联网有潜力为大量人群提供创新的、交互式的体育活动（PA）干预措施。本研究旨在测试一种互联网干预措施的效果，该措施包括一个网站和每周12份电子邮件提示单，并与一个等待名单对照组进行比较。互联网干预措施基于理论，并强调以清晰的图形方式呈现PA信息。几家大型医院的65名久坐不动的成年员工（9名男性和56名女性）被随机分配到两个研究组中的一组。在65名参与者中，57人完成了1个月的随访，52人完成了3个月的随访。在1个月和3个月时，干预组参与者在PA动机准备阶段取得进展的可能性显著高于对照组：1个月时，c2(1, N =52) =4.05，p <.05；3个月时，c2(1, N =52) =6.45，p <.01。我们假设在1个月和3个月时，干预组相对于对照组在中等强度活动分钟数上会有显著增加。在1个月的评估中，干预组相对于对照组在中等强度分钟数上确实有显著增加，F(1, 54) =5.79，p <.05；然而，在3个月的评估中，这种差异不再显著。此外，还进行了二次分析以检查报告的步行总分钟数。在1个月时，干预组相对于对照组在步行分钟数上确实有显著增加，F(1, 54) =12.1，p <.001。在3个月的评估中，干预组在步行活动中花费的时间量继续显著高于对照组，F(1, 48) =5.2，p <.05。这些发现表明，一个基于理论的PA网站和每周电子邮件提示单在1个月和3个月时都能对PA动机和行为产生短期影响。随着互联网接入的增加，以及随着该媒介的带宽和其他技术特性的改善，通过网站提供的健康行为干预措施在公共卫生促进中将变得越来越有用。
