Morphett Adrian Lindsay, Crawford Colin M, Lee Don
School of Science and Engineering, Swinbourne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2003 Mar-Apr;26(3):152-9. doi: 10.1016/S0161-4754(02)54107-5.
To investigate the use of electromagnetic tracking technology for measurement of passive cervical range of motion (ROM).
Passive cervical ranges of motion from one extreme to the other were measured in 3 planes (transverse, frontal, and sagittal) by using an electromagnetic tracking system (ETS), the cervical range of motion device (CROM), and visual estimation (VE) with 2 blinded examiners, using a repeated measures design.
Swinburne University of Technology, Australia.
Four studies were undertaken: (1) Measurement of ROM using 3 methods: the CROM, the ETS, and VE. Two examiners conducted measurements. (2) Measurement of ROM with the CROM and the ETS simultaneously by 1 examiner. (3) Measurement of ROM with the ETS by 2 examiners. (4) Measurement of medium-term reliability of ROM using the ETS over a 24-hour period by 1 examiner.
The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to investigate the reliability within and between each method and reliability of ROM over a 24-hour period.
Study 1: Intra-instrument ICCs ranged from fair to high for the 3 measurement methods. The ETS performed best. Inter-instrument ICCs were poor. Study 2: Direct comparison of the ETS and the CROM yielded high ICCs for rotation and flexion/extension and fair for lateral flexion. Study 3: Interexaminer ICCs using the ETS were high for rotation, good for lateral flexion, and fair for flexion/extension; intraexaminer reliability was high for all planes. Study 4: 24-hour reliability of ROM using the ETS was good for rotation and lateral flexion and poor for flexion/extension.
The ETS used in this investigation was an accurate instrument and efficient method for measurement and recording of passive cervical ROM. The ETS had high intraexaminer and fair-to-high interexaminer reliability for the measurement of extremes of ROM in 3 planes. It is probable that differences in the experience levels of examiners did affect interexaminer reliability of the ETS. The ETS and the CROM compared well in rotation and flexion/extension.
探讨电磁跟踪技术在测量颈椎被动活动范围（ROM）中的应用。
采用重复测量设计，由两名不知情的检查者使用电磁跟踪系统（ETS）、颈椎活动范围测量装置（CROM）和视觉估计法（VE），在三个平面（横向、额状面和矢状面）测量颈椎从一个极端位置到另一个极端位置的被动活动范围。
澳大利亚斯威本科技大学。
进行了四项研究：（1）使用三种方法测量ROM：CROM、ETS和VE。两名检查者进行测量。（2）由一名检查者同时使用CROM和ETS测量ROM。（3）由两名检查者使用ETS测量ROM。（4）由一名检查者在24小时内使用ETS测量ROM的中期可靠性。
组内相关系数（ICC）用于研究每种方法内部和之间的可靠性以及24小时内ROM的可靠性。
研究1：三种测量方法的仪器内ICC范围从中等到高。ETS表现最佳。仪器间ICC较差。研究2：ETS和CROM的直接比较显示，旋转和屈伸的ICC较高，侧屈的ICC中等。研究3：使用ETS的检查者间ICC在旋转时较高，侧屈时良好，屈伸时中等；检查者内可靠性在所有平面均较高。研究4：使用ETS测量的ROM在24小时内的可靠性在旋转和侧屈时良好，屈伸时较差。
本研究中使用的ETS是一种准确的仪器和有效的方法，用于测量和记录颈椎被动ROM。ETS在测量三个平面ROM极端值时具有较高的检查者内可靠性和中等至高的检查者间可靠性。检查者经验水平的差异可能确实影响了ETS的检查者间可靠性。ETS和CROM在旋转和屈伸方面比较相似。
