Yamamoto Hironori, Sugano Kentaro
Department of Gastroenterology, Jichi Medical School, Minamikawachi Kawachi, Japan.
Can J Gastroenterol. 2003 Apr;17(4):273-4. doi: 10.1155/2003/309532.
The diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the small intestine have been impeded by difficult technical challenges. Traditionally, endoscopic evaluation of this organ has required open laparotomy with the surgically assisted passage of the scope through the intestine. Nonsurgical endoscopic techniques have been developed, including push enteroscopy, passage of a scope over a guide-string, and a method that depends on peristalsis to advance the instrument, but each of these is subject to severe limitations. A novel procedure has been devised, whereby an endoscope and a soft flexible overtube, each of which has an inflatable balloon attached to its distal end, are employed together. The technique is described in detail in the present article. Double-balloon enteroscopy allows visualization of the entire small intestine, to and fro examination of an area of interest, and the taking of biopsy specimens in a manner that is safer, quicker and less painful than previous techniques. It constitutes an important advance in the diagnosis and management of bleeding and other small intestinal disorders.
小肠疾病的诊断和治疗一直受到技术难题的阻碍。传统上，对该器官进行内镜评估需要开腹手术，并通过手术辅助将内镜穿过肠道。现已开发出非手术内镜技术，包括推进式小肠镜检查、通过导丝插入内镜以及一种依靠肠蠕动推进器械的方法，但这些方法都有严重的局限性。人们设计了一种新的操作方法，即同时使用一根内镜和一根柔软的可弯曲外套管，二者的远端均附有一个可充气的气囊。本文将详细描述该技术。双气囊小肠镜检查能够观察整个小肠，对感兴趣的区域进行来回检查，并以比以往技术更安全、更快捷且痛苦更小的方式获取活检标本。它在出血及其他小肠疾病的诊断和治疗方面取得了重要进展。
