Vasconcelos Marcio M, Werner Jairo, Malheiros Ana Flávia de Araújo, Lima Daniel Fampa Negreiros, Santos Italo Souza Oliveira, Barbosa Jane Bardawil
Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brasil.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2003 Mar;61(1):67-73. doi: 10.1590/s0004-282x2003000100012. Epub 2003 Apr 16.
To define the prevalence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a sample school-aged children from a public elementary school.
The study population was composed of all pupils who attended the first five grades at a public state school. During the first stage, school teachers and parents filled a standardized questionnaire of 18 ADHD symptoms defined at DSM-IV. In the second stage, children who screened positive and their parents were invited for a medical visit at school. After signature of an informed consent, the following procedures were done: DSM-IV symptoms questionnaire, oriented history, physical exam and neurologic exam. ADHD diagnosis was subdivided into three types: predominantly hyperactive (H), predominantly inattentive (ADD), and mixed type ADD + H.
Among 403 pupils recruited in the first stage, 108 screened positive. Of these, 101 were assessed. There were 68 boys and 33 girls. Median age was 9 years (Range, 6-15 years; standard deviation, 1.99). ADHD diagnosis was defined for 69 pupils (17.1%), including 27 children (39.1%) with ADD, 26 children (37.7%) with ADD + H, and 16 children (23.2%) with H without ADD. Among children who received a diagnosis of ADHD, 45 (65.2%) were boys and 24 (34.8%) were girls (ratio 1.9:1).
ADHD prevalence in a sample of 403 school-aged children from a public elementary school was 17.1%.
确定一所公立小学中一个学龄儿童样本的注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患病率。
研究人群由一所公立学校一至五年级的所有学生组成。在第一阶段，学校教师和家长填写一份基于《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）定义的包含18种ADHD症状的标准化问卷。在第二阶段，筛查呈阳性的儿童及其家长被邀请到学校进行医学检查。在签署知情同意书后，进行了以下程序：DSM-IV症状问卷、定向病史、体格检查和神经学检查。ADHD诊断分为三种类型：以多动为主型（H）、以注意力不集中为主型（ADD）和混合型ADD + H。
在第一阶段招募的403名学生中，108名筛查呈阳性。其中，101名接受了评估。有68名男孩和33名女孩。中位年龄为9岁（范围6 - 15岁；标准差1.99）。69名学生（17.1%）被诊断为ADHD，包括27名儿童（39.1%）为ADD型，26名儿童（37.7%）为ADD + H型，16名儿童（23.2%）为H型而非ADD型。在被诊断为ADHD的儿童中，45名（65.2%）为男孩，24名（34.8%）为女孩（比例为1.9:1）。
一所公立小学的403名学龄儿童样本中ADHD患病率为17.1%。
