Sances Anthony, Kumaresan Srirangam, Clarke Richard, Renfroe David, Herbst Brian, Pozzi Mark
University of California, Biomechanics Institute, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
Biomed Sci Instrum. 2003;39:224-8.
Various studies have reported that inertially sensitive buckles are susceptible to impact unlatching. The present work synthesizes the results from various experimental studies conducted over the years to study the mechanical behavior of buckles and subsequent injuries to occupants. First, the side press button seat buckle due to impact a lateral impact from an adjacent child restraint seat component indicated that the side button RCF-67 buckle released at a speed of 2.2 m/sec with a force range of 264 to 440 N and acceleration range of 100 to 175 G. In contrast, the top button Autoliv Lockarm buckles did not release up to 1300 vertical G's. Second, side release RCF-67 buckles when loaded with the webbing required approximately three times more force to open than top press buckles. Inverted occupants in a three-point belt could not release the RCF-67 buckle. Third, a side sled impact on the drivers side of a production vehicle buck with a three-point belt and a RCF-67 buckle was done at 7 m/s to 8 m/s. A convertible child seat with a dummy in the passenger seat moved inboard toward the buckle and unlatched it. Fourth, an intact vehicle drop study at 0.3 m showed that the accelerations on a JDC buckle on a metal stalk are large compared to acceleration of the floor pan. The present study provides comprehensive data to evaluate the mechanical behavior of seat buckles under various motor vehicle crash conditions.
多项研究报告称，对惯性敏感的安全带扣容易受到碰撞解锁的影响。本研究综合了多年来进行的各种实验研究结果，以研究安全带扣的力学行为以及随后对驾乘人员的伤害。首先，侧面按压按钮式座椅安全带扣受到来自相邻儿童约束座椅部件的横向撞击时，结果表明侧面按钮式RCF - 67安全带扣在2.2米/秒的速度下解锁，力的范围为264至440牛，加速度范围为100至175 G。相比之下，顶部按钮式奥托立夫锁臂安全带扣在高达1300垂直G的情况下并未解锁。其次，侧面解锁的RCF - 67安全带扣在加载织带时，打开所需的力大约是顶部按压式安全带扣的三倍。三点式安全带中处于倒置状态的驾乘人员无法解开RCF - 67安全带扣。第三，以7米/秒至8米/秒的速度对一辆配备三点式安全带和RCF - 67安全带扣的量产车辆驾驶员侧进行侧面滑橇撞击试验。乘客座椅上带有假人的可转换儿童座椅向内侧移动并解开了安全带扣。第四，在0.3米高度进行的完整车辆坠落研究表明，与底盘加速度相比，金属杆上的JDC安全带扣的加速度较大。本研究提供了全面的数据，以评估各种机动车碰撞条件下座椅安全带扣的力学行为。
