Krawczynski M, Walkowiak J, Krzyzaniak A
Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Institute of Pediatrics, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Acta Paediatr. 2003;92(3):277-82. doi: 10.1080/08035250310009176.
A secular trend in body height and weight is well documented. The first observations concerning this phenomenon in Poland were made at the end of the 19th century. The aim of this study was to assess changes in body height and weight during the 20th century, with special emphasis on the last decade.
The results of body height and weight measurements obtained in eight subsequent surveys (1880-1886, 1922-1927, 1946-1950, 1960-1961, 1970-1971, 1980-1981, 1990-1991 and 1999-2000) were included in the analysis. Mean values were compared and differences between the surveys were analysed.
In general, in the 20th century, children grew taller and heavier and reached final body height and weight more rapidly. The biggest differences in body height and weight in the 20th century, observed at growth spurt, were about 17 cm and 11 kg, respectively, for boys, and 13 cm and 13 kg for girls. The magnitude of secular changes in body height and weight in the 20th century was not stable. There were periods of increased and decreased intensity of acceleration of physical development (the 1950s and 1970s, and the 1960s and 1980s, respectively), as well as a period of deceleration (the 1940s). In the last decade, the tendency has been towards deceleration in most age groups studied.
The acceleration of physical development in children in Poznan has now ceased.
身高和体重的长期变化趋势已有充分记录。在波兰，关于这一现象的首次观察是在19世纪末进行的。本研究的目的是评估20世纪期间身高和体重的变化，特别关注最后十年。
分析了八次后续调查（1880 - 1886年、1922 - 1927年、1946 - 1950年、1960 - 1961年、1970 - 1971年、1980 - 1981年、1990 - 1991年和1999 - 2000年）中获得的身高和体重测量结果。比较了平均值，并分析了各次调查之间的差异。
总体而言，在20世纪，儿童长得更高、更重，并且达到最终身高和体重的速度更快。在20世纪生长突增期观察到最大的身高和体重差异，男孩分别约为17厘米和11千克，女孩为13厘米和13千克。20世纪身高和体重的长期变化幅度并不稳定。有身体发育加速强度增加和减少的时期（分别为20世纪50年代和70年代，以及60年代和80年代），还有减速时期（20世纪40年代）。在最后十年，在所研究的大多数年龄组中趋势是减速。
波兹南儿童身体发育的加速现已停止。
