Kryst Łukasz, Bilińska Inez
*University of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Education,Department of Anthropology,Kraków,Poland.
†Mieszko I College of Education and Administration, Faculty of Public Health,Poznań,Poland.
J Biosoc Sci. 2017 May;49(3):380-391. doi: 10.1017/S0021932016000316. Epub 2016 Jun 22.
Changing socioeconomic conditions over the last century have left their mark on neonatal size and final body size of individuals born in those days. The main aim of this study was to investigate how the historical, political and economic changes occurring from the late 19th century to the 2000s have affected the birth weight of newborns. Additionally, changes in weight and body height in the case of young women (potential mothers) were analysed. Data were from two cities in Poland (Kraków and Poznań) covering 15,884 newborns and 3612 women aged 18 years, derived from 1900 to 2010. Despite short-term fluctuations, the results showed significant increasing trends in all studied features. Changes in birth weight were similar in both cities: in Kraków it increased by 184 g (males) and 206 g (females), and in Poznań by 216 g (males) and 120 g (females). Changes in women's body size were also significant, but the level was different depending on place of residence. In the last century, women's body height increased by 8.2 cm in Kraków and by 10.2 cm in Poznań, and their body weight increased by 1 kg and 5 kg respectively. The considered period covered the years of socioeconomic change that occurred as a result of the political system transformation. Crises, periods of prosperity and other factors that determine standard of living and health care have influenced the development of the Polish population's physical features.
过去一个世纪社会经济状况的变化在当时出生个体的新生儿体型和最终体型上留下了印记。本研究的主要目的是调查19世纪末至21世纪初发生的历史、政治和经济变化如何影响新生儿的出生体重。此外，还分析了年轻女性（潜在母亲）体重和身高的变化。数据来自波兰的两个城市（克拉科夫和波兹南），涵盖1900年至2010年期间的15884名新生儿和3612名18岁女性。尽管存在短期波动，但结果显示所有研究特征均呈显著上升趋势。两个城市的出生体重变化相似：在克拉科夫，男性增加了184克，女性增加了206克；在波兹南，男性增加了216克，女性增加了120克。女性体型的变化也很显著，但程度因居住地而异。在过去的一个世纪里，克拉科夫女性的身高增加了8.2厘米，波兹南女性增加了10.2厘米，她们的体重分别增加了1千克和5千克。所考虑的时期涵盖了由于政治制度变革而发生社会经济变化的年份。危机、繁荣时期以及其他决定生活水平和医疗保健的因素影响了波兰人口身体特征的发展。
