León Graciela, Quirós Ana M, López José L, Hung Meilyn, Díaz Ana M, Goncalves Juvic, Da Costa Osiris, Hernández Teodoro, Chirinos Merlin, Gómez Rafael
Banco Municipal de Sangre del Distrito Capital, Caracas, Venezuela.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2003 Feb-Mar;13(2-3):117-23. doi: 10.1590/s1020-49892003000200012.
To conduct research at the Municipal Blood Bank of Caracas (MBBC) and find out the proportion of blood units discarded for being seropositive for human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) types I and II, the prevalence of that infection among their donors, and the probable risk factors for that infection among those HTLV-positive donors.
ELISA serological testing was done with 23 413 donors seen at the MBBC between July 2000 and April 2001. Samples that were repeat reactive (RR) with the ELISA underwent supplementary Western blot (WB) testing. Donors who had a positive or indeterminate WB result were scheduled for counseling in order to carry out confirmatory testing using nucleic acid amplification (NAA), to collect data on their risk background, and to advise them concerning their HTLV status.
Of the 23 413 MBBC donors, 48 of them (0.2%) had a donation that was RR. Of those 48, 25 of them (52.1%) were positive on the WB (23 for HTLV-I and 2 for HTLV-II), 2 of them (4.1%) were indeterminate on the WB, 14 of them (29.2%) were negative, and 7 (14.6%) could not be evaluated. Of the 27 donors scheduled for counseling, 16 of them actually attended (14 WB-positive for HTLV-I, 1 WB-positive for HTLV-II, and 1 indeterminate). All 16 of them were positive with the confirmatory NAA testing. When these 16 seropositive donors were compared with a control group of seronegative donors, no significant differences were found with regard to age, sex, type of donation, number of previous donations, history of transfusions, and sexual behavior. However, significant differences were found in two areas: the seropositive donors were more likely to have used non-intravenous drugs (P < 0.05), and the seropositive donors were much more likely to have had an extended breast-feeding period (more than 2 years) as a child (P < 0.001). To assess the probability of mother-to-child transmission, six of the mothers of seropositive donors who had had an extended breast-feeding period were tested, and all six of those mothers were also found to be seropositive. With the 16 seropositive donors who were counseled, the spouse or partner of 13 of them was also tested; only 1 of those 13 was positive, but the oldest son of that couple was also HTLV-positive.
Of the donated blood, 0.2% of the units were discarded for being positive for HTLV-I or HTLV-II, and the prevalence found among the donors was 0.11%. Sexual transmission between an HTLV-positive donor and a partner or spouse was less frequent than was mother-to-child transmission. At present in Venezuela, blood banks are not required to screen donations for HTLV. Given our results at the MBBC, we believe serious consideration should be given to implementing serological screening for HTLV I/II among blood donors throughout Venezuela.
在加拉加斯市血库（MBBC）开展研究，以查明因人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒（HTLV）I型和II型血清学阳性而被废弃的血液单位比例、该感染在其献血者中的流行情况，以及这些HTLV阳性献血者中该感染的可能危险因素。
对2000年7月至2001年4月期间在MBBC接受检测的23413名献血者进行ELISA血清学检测。对ELISA检测呈重复反应性（RR）的样本进行补充的蛋白质印迹法（WB）检测。WB结果为阳性或不确定的献血者被安排接受咨询，以便使用核酸扩增（NAA）进行确证检测，收集其风险背景数据，并就其HTLV状况提供建议。
在23413名MBBC献血者中，有48人（0.2%）的献血样本呈RR。在这48人中，25人（52.1%）的WB检测呈阳性（23人为HTLV-I阳性，2人为HTLV-II阳性），2人（4.1%）的WB检测结果不确定，14人（29.2%）为阴性，7人（14.6%）无法评估。在安排接受咨询的27名献血者中，有16人实际前来（14人为HTLV-I的WB阳性，1人为HTLV-II的WB阳性，1人结果不确定）。他们全部16人经确证NAA检测均为阳性。当将这16名血清学阳性献血者与一组血清学阴性献血者对照组进行比较时，在年龄、性别、献血类型、既往献血次数、输血史和性行为方面未发现显著差异。然而，在两个方面发现了显著差异：血清学阳性献血者更有可能使用过非静脉注射药物（P<0.05），血清学阳性献血者在儿童时期进行母乳喂养的时间更长（超过2年）的可能性要大得多（P<...
