Long-term effects of the Positive Action program.

OBJECTIVE

To report long-term effectiveness of the Positive Action program.

METHODS

Used matched-schools design and school-level achievement and disciplinary data to evaluate program effects on student performance and behavior in elementary schools.

RESULTS

Participation in the Positive Action program improved student behavior, school involvement, and academic achievement at all 3 levels of schools, with the results showing a clear dose-response relationship.

CONCLUSION

Results provide clear evidence that a coherent, comprehensive, and integrated program can have enduring effects in multiple domains.