Traidl-Hoffmann Claudia, Kasche Anna, Menzel Annette, Jakob Thilo, Thiel Martina, Ring Johannes, Behrendt Heidrun
Division of Environmental Dermatology and Allergy GSF--National Research Center for Environment and Health Neuherberg/Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2003 May;131(1):1-13. doi: 10.1159/000070428.
The transfer of pollen from floral anther to recipient stigma is the critical reproductive event among higher plants--this is the botanical view of pollen. Proteins and glycoproteins from pollen can function as allergens, environmental molecules interacting with the human immune system to elicit an allergic response in susceptible individuals--this is how allergists and immunologists see pollen grains. Between 10 and 25% of the population now have symptoms of hay fever or allergic asthma and the incidence has more than doubled in the past three decades while the reason(s) for this increment are only hypothetical, but there is a multitude of them. Despite our natural focus on this impact of pollen on human health, pollen have to be considered in a larger context. First of all, to evaluate the bioavailability of allergens from pollen, we have to understand their function and their influence factors. Furthermore, pollen grains are not only releasing proteins eliciting specific immune responses, but they also liberate bioactive lipid mediators and this much more rapidly. And last but not least, recent observations indicate, that pollen do not only induce allergy and thus have a much broader impact on human health. This review is an attempt to favour this holistic view of pollen and their impact on human health.
花粉从花药转移至受体柱头是高等植物关键的繁殖过程——这是从植物学角度对花粉的认识。花粉中的蛋白质和糖蛋白可作为过敏原，这些环境分子与人体免疫系统相互作用，在易感个体中引发过敏反应——这是过敏症专科医生和免疫学家对花粉粒的看法。目前有10%至25%的人口出现花粉热或过敏性哮喘症状，且发病率在过去三十年里增加了一倍多，尽管其增加原因尚属假设，但原因众多。尽管我们自然而然地关注花粉对人类健康的这种影响，但必须从更广泛的背景来考虑花粉。首先，为评估花粉中过敏原的生物利用度，我们必须了解其功能及其影响因素。此外，花粉粒不仅释放引发特定免疫反应的蛋白质，还能更快地释放生物活性脂质介质。最后但同样重要的是，最近的观察表明，花粉不仅会引发过敏，因此对人类健康的影响更为广泛。本综述旨在支持对花粉及其对人类健康影响的这种整体观点。
