Kriegstein Arnold R, Götz Magdalena
Department of Neurology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.
Max-Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
Glia. 2003 Jul;43(1):37-43. doi: 10.1002/glia.10250.
Early in development of the central nervous system, radial glial cells arise from the neuroepithelial cells lining the ventricles around the time that neurons begin to appear. The transition of neuroepithelial cells to radial glia is accompanied by a series of structural and functional changes, including the appearance of "glial" features, as well as the appearance of new signaling molecules and junctional proteins. However, not all radial glia are alike. Radial glial lineages appear to be heterogeneous both within and across different brain regions. Subtypes of neurogenic radial glia within the cortex, for example, may have restricted potential in terms of the cell types they are able to generate. Radial glia located in different brain regions also differ in their expression of growth factors, a diverse number of transcription factors, and the cell types they generate, suggesting that they are involved in regionalization of the developing nervous system in several aspects. These findings highlight the important but complex role of radial glia as participants in key steps of brain development.
在中枢神经系统发育早期，当神经元开始出现时，放射状胶质细胞从脑室周围的神经上皮细胞中产生。神经上皮细胞向放射状胶质细胞的转变伴随着一系列结构和功能的变化，包括“胶质”特征的出现，以及新的信号分子和连接蛋白的出现。然而，并非所有的放射状胶质细胞都是一样的。放射状胶质细胞谱系在不同脑区内部和之间似乎都是异质的。例如，皮质内神经源性放射状胶质细胞的亚型在它们能够产生的细胞类型方面可能具有有限的潜能。位于不同脑区的放射状胶质细胞在生长因子、多种转录因子的表达以及它们产生的细胞类型方面也存在差异，这表明它们在发育中的神经系统区域化的多个方面都发挥着作用。这些发现凸显了放射状胶质细胞作为大脑发育关键步骤参与者的重要但复杂的作用。
