Vega-López María Guadalupe, González-Pérez Guillermo J, Muñoz de la Torre Armando, Valle Barbosa Ana, Cabrera Pivaral Carlos, Quintero-Vega Pedro P
Centro de Estudios en Salud, Población y Desarrollo Humano, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
Cad Saude Publica. 2003 Mar-Apr;19(2):613-23. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2003000200028. Epub 2003 May 15.
The present study describes regional variations in homicide rates in Jalisco State, Mexico, in 1989-1991, 1994-1996, and 1999-2000, analyzing the trends by gender and socioeconomic stratum. Using mortality data generated by the National Institute for Statistics, Geography, and Information Technology, homicide rates adjusted by age and gender were calculated, along with rate/female rate ratios; rate ratios by socioeconomic stratum and 95% confidence intervals were also calculated. According to the results, the homicide rate showed: a downward trend in the 1990s; a regional homicide mortality pattern, with the highest rates in peripheral regions, considered among the poorest areas in the State; municipalities with the lowest socioeconomic conditions also presenting a statistically significant excess homicide mortality; and an evident over-mortality from homicide among males. The results point to tasks and challenges for public health and law enforcement institutions, including the need to implement different inter-institutional policies that take into consideration the characteristics of homicide and violent crime in Jalisco.
本研究描述了1989 - 1991年、1994 - 1996年以及1999 - 2000年墨西哥哈利斯科州凶杀率的地区差异，分析了按性别和社会经济阶层划分的趋势。利用国家统计、地理和信息技术研究所生成的死亡率数据，计算了按年龄和性别调整后的凶杀率以及男性凶杀率与女性凶杀率的比率；还计算了按社会经济阶层划分的比率以及95%置信区间。根据结果，凶杀率呈现出：20世纪90年代呈下降趋势；存在地区凶杀死亡率模式，周边地区（该州最贫困地区之一）的凶杀率最高；社会经济条件最差的市镇凶杀死亡率也存在统计学上的显著超额；男性凶杀死亡率明显过高。结果指出了公共卫生和执法机构的任务与挑战，包括需要实施不同的跨机构政策，这些政策要考虑到哈利斯科州凶杀和暴力犯罪的特点。
