Easom Leisa R
School of Nursing, Georgia Southwestern State University, Americus, GA 31709, USA.
J Gerontol Nurs. 2003 May;29(5):11-9. doi: 10.3928/0098-9134-20030501-05.
Many older adults have reached later life in apparent good health while others' lack of self-care activities has greatly accelerated the process of aging. In this article, self-efficacy and perceived barriers are explored as significant concepts that influence the self-care activities of elderly individuals. A conceptual model is presented depicting perceived self-efficacy and barriers as determinants of self-care activities. This conceptual model differs from earlier health promotion models because it is specific for older adults. Based on empirical studies, this conceptual model demonstrates that the variables of perceived self-efficacy and barriers have a profound effect on an older adult's participation in self-care activities. Testing of this model is needed to provide a knowledge base for designing health promotion strategies, maximizing cost containment strategies, and contributing to Healthy People 2010 objectives of increasing quality of life for all older adults.
许多老年人步入晚年时看似健康状况良好，而另一些人由于缺乏自我护理活动，大大加速了衰老进程。在本文中，自我效能感和感知到的障碍被作为影响老年人自我护理活动的重要概念进行探讨。文中提出了一个概念模型，将感知到的自我效能感和障碍描述为自我护理活动的决定因素。这个概念模型与早期的健康促进模型不同，因为它是专门针对老年人的。基于实证研究，这个概念模型表明，感知到的自我效能感和障碍变量对老年人参与自我护理活动有着深远影响。需要对这个模型进行测试，以便为设计健康促进策略、最大化成本控制策略以及实现《健康人民2010》中提高所有老年人生活质量的目标提供知识基础。
