Chong Y C, Duffus W P
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
Vet Microbiol. 1992 Oct;32(3-4):215-28. doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(92)90146-k.
Four foals were raised under specific pathogen free (SPF) conditions. At 3 to 4 months of age, SPF foals and 1 other non-SPF foal were intranasally inoculated with equine herpes virus type 1 (EHV-1). Clinical signs included depression, fever, inappetence and intermittent coughing. Clinical recovery was complete by seven days but high titres of virus were detected in nasal mucus for at least 10 days after inoculation. Clinical illness was less severe in the non-SPF foal. Interferon was detected in the nasal mucus of all foals from 2 days post infection (dpi), persisting until 8 or 10 dpi. ELISA antibody was detected in serum from 6 dpi. Titres continued to rise throughout the period of observation, and were slightly stimulated by re-inoculation. EHV antibody, identified as belonging to the IgM class by the double sandwich ELISA, was detected from 6 dpi. Peak IgM titres were observed between day 10 and 18, declining to base levels by day 42. Virus neutralizing antibody was detectable in serum from day 14 and rises in titre were parallel to that of total ELISA antibody. Cellular immunity in EHV-1 infected SPF horses was examined by the antibody dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC) test and the specific lymphocyte transformation test. The ability of foal neutrophils to effect ADCC decreased significantly between 3 to 10 days after inoculation. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) displayed reactivity towards EHV-1 antigens from about day 14, with maximum stimulation indices being obtained between 28 and 42 dpi.
四匹小马驹在无特定病原体（SPF）条件下饲养。在3至4月龄时，对SPF小马驹和另外一匹非SPF小马驹进行鼻内接种1型马疱疹病毒（EHV-1）。临床症状包括精神沉郁、发热、食欲不振和间歇性咳嗽。临床恢复在7天内完成，但接种后至少10天在鼻黏液中检测到高滴度病毒。非SPF小马驹的临床疾病较轻。从感染后2天（dpi）起，在所有小马驹的鼻黏液中检测到干扰素，持续至8或10 dpi。从6 dpi起在血清中检测到ELISA抗体。在整个观察期内滴度持续上升，再次接种有轻微刺激作用。通过双夹心ELISA鉴定为属于IgM类的EHV抗体从6 dpi起被检测到。IgM滴度峰值在第10天至18天之间观察到，到42天时降至基础水平。从第14天起在血清中可检测到病毒中和抗体，其滴度上升与总ELISA抗体平行。通过抗体依赖性细胞毒性（ADCC）试验和特异性淋巴细胞转化试验检测EHV-1感染的SPF马的细胞免疫。接种后3至10天，小马驹中性粒细胞进行ADCC的能力显著下降。外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）从大约第14天起对EHV-1抗原表现出反应性，在28至42 dpi之间获得最大刺激指数。
