Coatoam Gary W, Mariotti Angelo
J Periodontol. 2003 May;74(5):757-70. doi: 10.1902/jop.2003.74.5.757.
This report details surgical procedures for ridge expansion by means of splitting the crest of an edentulous ridge. Atrophic bony ridges present a unique challenge to the dental implant surgeon. In the past, onlay grafts of bone harvested from the hip, maxillary tuberosity, symphysis of the chin, or external oblique ridge have all been used with success in reconstruction of atrophic ridges. However, bone onlay grafting procedures require a secondary surgical site, which exhibits typical postoperative morbidity associated with bone harvesting performed with chisels and burs. Additionally, onlay grafts often require a healing period of 6 months to a year before dental implants can be placed, and the onlay graft sometimes fails to fuse to the augmented site. The segmental ridge-split procedure provides a quicker method wherein an atrophic ridge can be predictably expanded and grafted with bone allograft, eliminating the need for a second surgical site.
本报告详细介绍了通过劈开无牙颌牙槽嵴顶进行牙槽嵴扩展的外科手术方法。萎缩性骨嵴给牙种植外科医生带来了独特的挑战。过去，从髋部、上颌结节、下颌颏部或外斜线采集的骨块移植均已成功用于萎缩性牙槽嵴的重建。然而，骨块移植手术需要一个二次手术部位，该部位会出现与使用凿子和牙钻进行骨采集相关的典型术后并发症。此外，骨块移植通常需要6个月至1年的愈合期才能植入牙种植体，而且骨块有时无法与增大的部位融合。节段性牙槽嵴劈开术提供了一种更快的方法，通过该方法可以可预测地扩展萎缩性牙槽嵴并用同种异体骨进行移植，从而无需第二个手术部位。
