Philip Binu
University of Wisconsin, Department of Family Practice, Eau Claire, Wis., USA.
WMJ. 2003;102(3):46-51.
Nausea and vomiting commonly occur in pregnant women. Hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe form of nausea and vomiting rarely occurring in pregnancy. Between 0.3% and 2% of all pregnant women suffer from hyperemesis gravidarum. The objective of this paper is to review current literature focusing on the definition, incidence, etiology, prognosis, and treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum. A MEDLINE search of the English literature from 1982 through 2001 utilized the keywords hyperemesis gravidarum, nausea, and pregnancy. Current data pertaining to the epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, various treatment modalities, and prognosis are presented. Review of the literature supports that hyperemesis gravidarum is a multifactorial disease. The cause is unknown. Various treatments are recommended although few studies have evaluated effectiveness. A case report of molar pregnancy presenting with hyperemesis gravidarum introduces this literature review.
恶心和呕吐在孕妇中很常见。妊娠剧吐是恶心和呕吐的一种严重形式，在孕期很少发生。所有孕妇中有0.3%至2%患有妊娠剧吐。本文的目的是综述当前关于妊娠剧吐的定义、发病率、病因、预后及治疗的文献。对1982年至2001年英文文献进行MEDLINE检索，使用了妊娠剧吐、恶心和妊娠等关键词。呈现了有关流行病学、病因、临床表现、各种治疗方式及预后的当前数据。文献综述支持妊娠剧吐是一种多因素疾病。病因不明。尽管很少有研究评估其有效性，但仍推荐了各种治疗方法。一篇关于以妊娠剧吐为表现的葡萄胎妊娠的病例报告引出了这篇文献综述。
