Eliakim R, Abulafia O, Sherer D M
Division of Gastroenterology, Rambam Medical Center, Technion School of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.
Am J Perinatol. 2000;17(4):207-18. doi: 10.1055/s-2000-9424.
Hyperemesis gravidarum or pernicious vomiting of pregnancy affects between 0.3% and 2% of all pregnant patients. The objective of this paper is to review current literature pertaining to epidemiology, etiology, symptomatology, complications, treatment, and perinatal outcome of patients with hyperemesis gravidarum. We performed a MEDLINE search of the English literature from 1966 through January 2000 utilizing the keywords: hyperemesis gravidarum, nausea and vomiting, and pregnancy. Current data pertaining to epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis, complications, various treatment modalities, subsequent perinatal outcome and recent developments are presented. Review of the literature supports that hyperemesis gravidarum is a multifactorial disease in which pregnancy-induced hormonal changes associated with concurrent gastrointestinal dysmotility and possible Helicobacter pylori infection function as contributing factors. Therapeutic key elements are mainly supportive in conjunction with antiemetic medication. It appears perinatal outcome is unaffected.
妊娠剧吐或妊娠恶性呕吐影响着0.3%至2%的所有孕妇。本文的目的是回顾有关妊娠剧吐患者的流行病学、病因、症状、并发症、治疗及围产期结局的当前文献。我们利用关键词“妊娠剧吐”“恶心与呕吐”及“妊娠”，对1966年至2000年1月的英文文献进行了医学文献数据库（MEDLINE）检索。呈现了有关流行病学、病因、临床表现、鉴别诊断、并发症、各种治疗方式、随后的围产期结局及最新进展的当前数据。文献综述支持妊娠剧吐是一种多因素疾病，其中妊娠引起的激素变化与同时存在的胃肠动力障碍及可能的幽门螺杆菌感染共同作为促成因素。治疗的关键要素主要是支持治疗并联合使用止吐药物。围产期结局似乎未受影响。
