Kroenke Candyce H, Chu Nain-Feng, Rifai Nader, Spiegelman Donna, Hankinson Susan E, Manson JoAnn E, Rimm Eric B
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, and Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Diabetes Care. 2003 Jul;26(7):1971-8. doi: 10.2337/diacare.26.7.1971.
Little research has explored associations of drinking patterns with glycemic control, especially among women. Our objective was to determine the relationship of patterns of alcohol consumption-including average daily consumption, weekly frequency of consumption, drinking with meals, and beverage type-with biologic markers of insulin resistance in young women.
This study was cross-sectional in design. The subjects consisted of a stratified random subpopulation of 459 U.S. normal-weight and overweight female nurses, 33-50 years of age, drawn from the Nurses' Health Study II and sampled for distinct drinking patterns. Women provided blood samples and detailed information on dietary and lifestyle factors between 1995 and 1999. The main outcome measures were fasting insulin, C-peptide, and HbA(1c).
Adjusting for age, smoking, physical activity, television watching, BMI, and several dietary factors, average alcohol intake was inversely associated with HbA(1c) (units in percentage of HbA(1c)): 0 g/day (reference = 5.36%), 0.1 to <5.0 g/day (-0.04%), 5.0 to <15.0 g/day (-0.09%), 15.0 to <25.0 g/day (-0.10%), and > or =25.0 g/day (-0.17%) (P value, test for trend <0.001). We found an inverse association of alcohol intake and insulin, but only for women with a BMI > or =25 kg/m(2). Specifically, insulin levels were lowest for episodic drinkers consuming > or =2 drinks per day on 0-3 days per week. Consumption with meals and type of alcoholic beverage did not further influence these results.
Moderate alcohol consumption of 1-2 drinks per day on a few to several days of the week may have a beneficial glycemic effect, particularly among overweight women.
很少有研究探讨饮酒模式与血糖控制之间的关联，尤其是在女性中。我们的目的是确定饮酒模式（包括平均每日饮酒量、每周饮酒频率、就餐时饮酒以及饮料类型）与年轻女性胰岛素抵抗生物标志物之间的关系。
本研究采用横断面设计。研究对象包括从护士健康研究II中抽取的459名年龄在33至50岁之间的美国正常体重和超重女性护士的分层随机亚群体，她们因不同的饮酒模式而被抽样。这些女性在1995年至1999年间提供了血液样本以及关于饮食和生活方式因素的详细信息。主要的观察指标是空腹胰岛素、C肽和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）。
在对年龄、吸烟、身体活动、看电视时间、体重指数（BMI）以及多种饮食因素进行调整后，平均酒精摄入量与糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c，以HbA1c的百分比为单位）呈负相关：0克/天（参照值 = 5.36%）、0.1至<5.0克/天（-0.04%）、5.0至<15.0克/天（-0.09%）、15.0至<25.0克/天（-0.10%）以及≥25.0克/天（-0.17%）（P值，趋势检验<0.001）。我们发现酒精摄入量与胰岛素呈负相关，但仅在BMI≥25千克/平方米的女性中如此。具体而言，每周0至3天每天饮用≥2杯酒的偶尔饮酒者胰岛素水平最低。就餐时饮酒和酒精饮料类型并未进一步影响这些结果。
每周几天至几天饮用1至2杯酒的适度饮酒可能对血糖有有益影响，尤其是在超重女性中。
