1969 - 1998年美国死亡率中的地区贫困与不平等加剧
Area deprivation and widening inequalities in US mortality, 1969-1998.
作者信息
Singh Gopal K
机构信息
National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-8316, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2003 Jul;93(7):1137-43. doi: 10.2105/ajph.93.7.1137.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
This study examined age-, sex-, and race-specific gradients in US mortality by area deprivation between 1969 and 1998.
METHODS
A census-based area deprivation index was linked to county mortality data.
RESULTS
Area deprivation gradients in US mortality increased substantially during 1969 through 1998. The gradients were steepest for men and women aged 25 to 44 years and those younger than 25 years, with higher mortality rates observed in more deprived areas. Although area gradients were less pronounced for women in each age group, they rose sharply for women aged 25 to 44 and 45 to 64 years.
CONCLUSIONS
Areal inequalities in mortality widened because of slower mortality declines in more deprived areas. Future research needs to examine population-level social, behavioral, and medical care factors that may account for the increasing gradient.
摘要
目的
本研究调查了1969年至1998年间美国按地区贫困程度划分的年龄、性别和种族特异性死亡率梯度。
方法
将基于人口普查的地区贫困指数与县死亡率数据相关联。
结果
1969年至1998年间，美国死亡率的地区贫困梯度大幅增加。25至44岁的男性和女性以及25岁以下人群的梯度最为陡峭，在贫困程度更高的地区观察到更高的死亡率。尽管每个年龄组女性的地区梯度不太明显，但25至44岁和45至64岁女性的梯度急剧上升。
结论
由于贫困程度更高地区的死亡率下降较慢，死亡率的地区不平等加剧。未来的研究需要调查可能导致梯度增加的人口层面的社会、行为和医疗保健因素。
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