Brooks Carter, Kujawska Anna, Patel Dilip
Department of Pediatrics, Kalamazoo Center for Medical Studies, Michigan State University, 1000 Oakland Drive, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA.
Sports Med. 2003;33(9):699-708. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200333090-00005.
This survey searched for allergic skin reactions associated with, and possibly resulting from, sporting or recreational activities. The goal was to develop profiles of the types of allergens and responses that might be expected in association with particular sports involvement. The data mainly derive from published reports of allergic-appearing skin responses occurring during and after sports participation. The majority of these are single or short series of cases. Some supplementary data from earlier reviews, and two cases from our own clinical experience, have also been incorporated. Given the scattered availability of published case material in this field, we have included most of the reports that came to our attention. We have indicated where the connection between the clinical response and the putative agent or sporting activity seems tenuous. The data are organised according to type of reaction (type I, immunoglobulin E-mediated, largely hives, angioedema and anaphylaxis; and type IV, cell-mediated, largely contact dermatitis). Some envenomations that may be amplified by allergy have also been included. In water sports, allergic sensitivity to equipment (wetsuits, masks, goggles), water per se and disinfecting agents, and various water-dwelling creatures was found. In team and other outdoor sports, most allergies related to shoes, braces/supports and other equipment, and occasionally to topical medicaments and other miscellaneous contactants. Sports participants encounter a variety of potential sensitisers. Of interest is whether a higher level of physical activity may put them at greater risk of becoming sensitised.
这项调查旨在寻找与体育或娱乐活动相关且可能由其导致的过敏性皮肤反应。目的是梳理出与特定体育活动相关的过敏原类型和可能出现的反应特征。数据主要来源于已发表的关于运动参与期间及之后出现的疑似过敏性皮肤反应的报告。其中大多数是单个病例或少数病例系列。我们还纳入了早期综述中的一些补充数据以及来自我们自身临床经验的两个病例。鉴于该领域已发表病例材料的分散性，我们纳入了大多数我们注意到的报告。我们指出了临床反应与假定的致病因素或体育活动之间联系似乎不紧密的情况。数据是按照反应类型进行整理的（I型，免疫球蛋白E介导的，主要是荨麻疹、血管性水肿和过敏反应；IV型，细胞介导的，主要是接触性皮炎）。还纳入了一些可能因过敏而加重的虫咬情况。在水上运动中，发现对装备（潜水衣、面罩、护目镜）、水本身、消毒剂以及各种水生生物存在过敏敏感性。在团队运动和其他户外运动中，大多数过敏与鞋子、支架/支撑物及其他装备有关，偶尔也与局部用药和其他杂项接触物有关。运动参与者会接触到各种潜在的致敏原。有趣的是，较高水平的身体活动是否会使他们有更高的致敏风险。
