Sloane David C, Diamant Allison L, Lewis LaVonna B, Yancey Antronette K, Flynn Gwendolyn, Nascimento Lori Miller, McCarthy William J, Guinyard Joyce Jones, Cousineau Michael R
School of Policy, Planning, and Development, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0626, USA.
J Gen Intern Med. 2003 Jul;18(7):568-75. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2003.21022.x.
To build health promotion capacity among community residents through a community-based participatory model, and to apply this model to study the nutritional environment of an urban area to better understand the role of such resources in residents' efforts to live a healthy life.
A multiphase collaborative study that inventoried selected markets in targeted areas of high African-American concentration in comparison with markets in a contrasting wealthier area with fewer African Americans.
A community study set in the Los Angeles metropolitan area.
African-American community organizations and community residents in the target areas.
Two surveys of market inventories were conducted. The first was a single-sheet form profiling store conditions and the availability of a small selection of healthy foods. The second provided detailed information on whether the store offered fruit, vegetables, low-fat dairy products, dried goods and other items necessary for residents to consume a nutritious diet.
The targeted areas were significantly less likely to have important items for living a healthier life. The variety and quality of fresh fruit and vegetable produce was significantly lower in the target areas. Such products as 1% milk, skim milk, low-fat and nonfat cheese, soy milk, tofu, whole grain pasta and breads, and low-fat meat and poultry items were significantly less available.
Healthy food products were significantly less available in the target areas. The authors conclude from these results that the health disparities experienced by African-American communities have origins that extend beyond the health delivery system and individual behaviors inasmuch as adherence to the healthy lifestyle associated with low chronic disease risk is more difficult in resource-poor neighborhoods than in resource-rich ones.
通过基于社区的参与式模式培养社区居民的健康促进能力，并应用该模式研究城市地区的营养环境，以更好地理解此类资源在居民健康生活努力中的作用。
一项多阶段合作研究，对非裔美国人高度集中的目标区域内选定的市场进行清查，并与非裔美国人较少的富裕对照区域的市场进行比较。
在洛杉矶大都市区开展的一项社区研究。
目标区域内的非裔美国人社区组织和社区居民。
进行了两次市场清查调查。第一次是一份单页表格，概述商店状况以及一小部分健康食品的供应情况。第二次提供了关于商店是否提供水果、蔬菜、低脂乳制品、干货以及居民食用营养饮食所需的其他物品的详细信息。
目标区域拥有对健康生活至关重要物品的可能性显著更低。目标区域新鲜水果和蔬菜产品的种类和质量明显更低。诸如1%牛奶、脱脂牛奶、低脂和无脂奶酪、豆奶、豆腐、全麦面食和面包以及低脂肉类和禽类产品的供应明显更少。
目标区域健康食品的供应明显更少。作者从这些结果得出结论，非裔美国人社区经历的健康差距根源不仅在于医疗保健系统和个人行为，因为在资源匮乏的社区比在资源丰富的社区更难坚持与低慢性病风险相关的健康生活方式。
