Hyland Michael E
Department of Psychology, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2003 Jul 3;1:24. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-1-24.
There are numerous quality of life (QOL) scales. Because QOL experts are often partial to their own scales, researchers need to be able to select scales for themselves. Scales best suited for longitudinal purposes (clinical trials and audit) have different properties to those suited for cross-sectional studies (population and correlational studies and clinical use). The reason and logic of these differences is explained. For longitudinal use, researchers need to consider the relationship between item set, population and treatment; scales can be short, floor and ceiling effects must be avoided, and there should be extended response options. For cross-sectional use scales should have a wide range of items, should be longer, and there are no adverse floor and ceiling effects, and response options can be simpler to allow a larger set of items.
有众多生活质量（QOL）量表。由于生活质量专家往往偏爱自己的量表，研究人员需要能够自行选择量表。最适合纵向研究目的（临床试验和审计）的量表与适合横断面研究（人群研究、相关性研究和临床应用）的量表具有不同的特性。文中解释了这些差异的原因和逻辑。对于纵向研究，研究人员需要考虑条目集、人群和治疗之间的关系；量表可以简短，必须避免地板效应和天花板效应，并且应该有扩展的回答选项。对于横断面研究，量表应该有广泛的条目，应该更长，不存在不利的地板效应和天花板效应，并且回答选项可以更简单以便容纳更多的条目。
