Ramasamy Kovil, Gumaste Vivek V
The Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Services, City Hospital Center at Elmhurst, New York, New York, USA.
J Clin Gastroenterol. 2003 Aug;37(2):119-24. doi: 10.1097/00004836-200308000-00005.
Ingestion of a corrosive substance can produce severe injury to the gastrointestinal tract and can even result in death. The degree and extent of damage depends on several factors like the type of substance, the morphologic form of the agent, the quantity, and the intent. In the acute stage, perforation and necrosis may occur. Long-term complications include stricture formation in the esophagus, antral stenosis and the development of esophageal carcinoma. Endoscopy should be attempted and can be safely performed in most cases to assess the extent of damage. Procedure-related perforation is rare. Stricture formation is more common in patients with second and third degree burns. Corticosteroids may help prevent stricture formation. Esophageal carcinoma may develop beginning 30 to 40 years after the time of injury.
摄入腐蚀性物质可对胃肠道造成严重损伤，甚至导致死亡。损伤的程度和范围取决于多种因素，如物质的类型、制剂的形态、数量和摄入意图。在急性期，可能会发生穿孔和坏死。长期并发症包括食管狭窄、胃窦狭窄以及食管癌的发生。应尝试进行内镜检查，并且在大多数情况下可以安全地进行，以评估损伤的程度。与操作相关的穿孔很少见。狭窄形成在二度和三度烧伤患者中更为常见。皮质类固醇可能有助于预防狭窄形成。食管癌可能在受伤后30至40年开始发生。
