Gunson R N, Shouval D, Roggendorf M, Zaaijer H, Nicholas H, Holzmann H, de Schryver A, Reynders D, Connell J, Gerlich W H, Marinho R T, Tsantoulas D, Rigopoulou E, Rosenheim M, Valla D, Puro V, Struwe J, Tedder R, Aitken C, Alter M, Schalm S W, Carman W F
West of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre, Gartnavel General Hospital, 1053 Great Western Road, G12 OZA Glasgow, UK.
J Clin Virol. 2003 Aug;27(3):213-30. doi: 10.1016/s1386-6532(03)00087-8.
The transmission of viral hepatitis from health care workers (HCW) to patients is of worldwide concern. Since the introduction of serologic testing in the 1970s there have been over 45 reports of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission from HCW to patients, which have resulted in more than 400 infected patients. In addition there are six published reports of transmissions of hepatitis C virus (HCV) from HCW to patients resulting in the infection of 14 patients. Additional HCV cases are known of in the US and UK, but unpublished. At present the guidelines for preventing HCW to patient transmission of viral hepatitis vary greatly between countries. It was our aim to reach a Europe-wide consensus on this issue. In order to do this, experts in blood-borne infection, from 16 countries, were questioned on their national protocols. The replies given by participating countries formed the basis of a discussion document. This paper was then discussed at a meeting with each of the participating countries in order to reach a Europe-wide consensus on the identification of infected HCWs, protection of susceptible HCWs, management and treatment options for the infected HCW. The results of that process are discussed and recommendations formed. The guidelines produced aim to reduce the risk of transmission from infected HCWs to patients. The document is designed to complement existing guidelines or form the basis for the development of new guidelines. This guidance is applicable to all HCWs who perform EPP, whether newly appointed or already in post.
医护人员将病毒性肝炎传播给患者这一问题受到全球关注。自20世纪70年代引入血清学检测以来，已有超过45份关于医护人员将乙肝病毒（HBV）传播给患者的报告，这些报告导致400多名患者受到感染。此外，还有6份已发表的关于医护人员将丙肝病毒（HCV）传播给患者的报告，导致14名患者感染。在美国和英国还已知有其他丙肝病例，但未发表。目前，各国预防医护人员将病毒性肝炎传播给患者的指南差异很大。我们的目标是就这一问题达成全欧洲范围的共识。为了实现这一目标，来自16个国家的血源感染专家被问及他们国家的相关方案。参与国给出的答复构成了一份讨论文件的基础。然后在一次与每个参与国的会议上讨论了该文件，以便就识别受感染的医护人员、保护易感医护人员、对受感染医护人员的管理和治疗方案达成全欧洲范围的共识。讨论了该过程的结果并形成了建议。制定的指南旨在降低受感染医护人员将病毒传播给患者的风险。该文件旨在补充现有指南或为制定新指南奠定基础。本指南适用于所有进行暴露性医疗操作的医护人员，无论其是新入职还是已在职。
