Edwards Christine A, Rumney C, Davies M, Parrett A M, Dore J, Martin F, Schmitt J, Stahl B, Norin E, Midtvedt T, Rowland I R, Heavey P, Köhler H, Stocks B, Schroten H
Department of Human Nutrition, Glasgow University, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow, UK.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003 Aug;37(2):168-77. doi: 10.1097/00005176-200308000-00016.
Bacterial colonization of the infant gut may have important influences on the development of gastrointestinal, respiratory, and allergic disease. Early diet is a major determinant of the gut microflora. It is very difficult to carry out studies in human infants that can investigate the interaction of diet, flora, and mucosa. In this study we have developed an infant human flora-associated (IHFA) rat model to allow such investigation.
Germ-free infant rats were infected with fecal bacteria from exclusively breast-fed infants and were maintained on a modified infant formula for 8 weeks. The fecal and cecal contents were collected and compared with feces of breast-fed infants for bacterial populations, bacterial metabolites, and enzymes and for the ability to inhibit adhesion of pathogenic bacteria to human mucosal cells.
The IHFA cecum and feces were dominated by lactic acid bacteria, Bifidobacterium, and lactobacilli, which were representative of the infant feces. The fecal short-chain fatty acid profile was dominated by acetic and lactic acid in a similar manner to human infant feces. Other bacterial metabolites were similar to those of the human infant. Rat intestinal samples were able to inhibit the adhesion of pathogens to mucosal cells, but to a lesser extent than the human samples.
This IHFA infant model of the intestinal flora of the breast-fed infant is considered valid for studying the effect of diet on bacterial colonization and metabolism.
婴儿肠道的细菌定植可能对胃肠道、呼吸道及过敏性疾病的发展产生重要影响。早期饮食是肠道微生物群的主要决定因素。对人类婴儿开展能探究饮食、菌群和黏膜之间相互作用的研究非常困难。在本研究中，我们建立了一种婴儿人源菌群相关（IHFA）大鼠模型以进行此类研究。
无菌幼鼠感染来自纯母乳喂养婴儿的粪便细菌，并以改良婴儿配方奶喂养8周。收集粪便和盲肠内容物，并与母乳喂养婴儿的粪便进行比较，分析细菌种群、细菌代谢产物和酶，以及抑制病原菌黏附于人黏膜细胞的能力。
IHFA大鼠的盲肠和粪便中以乳酸菌、双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌为主，这些是婴儿粪便的典型特征。粪便短链脂肪酸谱以乙酸和乳酸为主，与人类婴儿粪便相似。其他细菌代谢产物也与人类婴儿的相似。大鼠肠道样本能够抑制病原菌黏附于黏膜细胞，但程度低于人类样本。
这种母乳喂养婴儿肠道菌群的IHFA婴儿模型被认为可有效用于研究饮食对细菌定植和代谢的影响。
