水稻LINE类反转录转座子Karma的两步调控与连续反转录转座
Two-step regulation and continuous retrotransposition of the rice LINE-type retrotransposon Karma.
作者信息
Komatsu Mai, Shimamoto Ko, Kyozuka Junko
机构信息
Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan.
出版信息
Plant Cell. 2003 Aug;15(8):1934-44. doi: 10.1105/tpc.011809.
Abstract
Here, we report the identification of Karma, a LINE-type retrotransposon of plants for which continuous retrotransposition was observed in consecutive generations. The transcription of Karma is activated in cultured cells of rice upon DNA hypomethylation. However, transcription is insufficient for retrotransposition, because no increase in the copy number was observed in cultured cells or in the first generation of plants regenerated from them. Despite that finding, copy number increase was detected in the next generation of regenerated plants as well as in later generations, suggesting that the post-transcriptional regulation of Karma retrotransposition is development dependent. Our results indicate that two different mechanisms, one transcriptional and the other developmental, control the mobilization of KARMA: In addition, unlike other known active plant retrotransposons, Karma is not subject to de novo methylation, and retrotransposition persists through several generations.
摘要
在此，我们报告了对Karma的鉴定，它是一种植物中的LINE型逆转录转座子，在连续几代中观察到其持续逆转录转座。在水稻培养细胞中，DNA低甲基化会激活Karma的转录。然而，转录对于逆转录转座是不足够的，因为在培养细胞或从它们再生的第一代植物中未观察到拷贝数增加。尽管有该发现，但在再生植物的下一代以及后代中检测到了拷贝数增加，这表明Karma逆转录转座的转录后调控是发育依赖性的。我们的结果表明，两种不同的机制，一种是转录机制，另一种是发育机制，控制着KARMA的移动：此外，与其他已知的活跃植物逆转录转座子不同，Karma不会发生从头甲基化，并且逆转录转座会持续几代。
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