Gardiner John M, Bowler Dermot M, Grice Sarah J
Psychology Group, School of Cognitive & Computing Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, England.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2003 Jun;33(3):259-69. doi: 10.1023/a:1024450416355.
Two experiments compared incidental (implicit) and intentional (explicit) memory performance in adults with Asperger's syndrome and individually matched controls. Experiment 1 involved perceptual tests using word fragment cues, following study tasks in which the participants either generated the words from contextual cues or read the words alone, with no contextual cues. Experiment 2 involved conceptual tests using paired associate cues, following study tasks in which the paired associates were rated either for their relatedness or for their readability. Performance in both the incidental tests was similar for both groups. Performance in both the intentional tests was also similar for both groups, with one exception. The adults with Asperger's syndrome were more likely to falsely recall words that had not actually been studied. These findings further delimit the nature of memory impairments in adults with Asperger's syndrome, which seem restricted to certain aspects of episodic memory that include the tendency to make more intrusion errors in recall.
两项实验比较了患有阿斯伯格综合征的成年人与个体匹配的对照组在附带（隐性）和有意（显性）记忆表现上的差异。实验1涉及使用单词片段线索的知觉测试，在学习任务之后进行，其中参与者要么根据上下文线索生成单词，要么单独阅读单词，没有上下文线索。实验2涉及使用配对联想线索的概念测试，在学习任务之后进行，其中配对联想要么根据它们的相关性进行评级，要么根据它们的可读性进行评级。两组在附带测试中的表现相似。两组在有意测试中的表现也相似，但有一个例外。患有阿斯伯格综合征的成年人更有可能错误地回忆起实际上并未学习过的单词。这些发现进一步界定了患有阿斯伯格综合征的成年人记忆障碍的性质，这种障碍似乎仅限于情景记忆的某些方面，包括在回忆中更容易出现侵入性错误的倾向。
