Gagliardo K M, Guidi W L, Da Silva R A, Ribeiro A A C M
Department of Surgery, Veterinary Medicine College, São Paulo University (USP), Brazil.
Anat Histol Embryol. 2003 Aug;32(4):236-43. doi: 10.1046/j.1439-0264.2003.00480.x.
The caudal mesenteric ganglion (CMG) is located ventral to the abdominal aorta involving the initial portion of the caudal mesenteric artery. Its macro and microstructural organization was studied in 40 domestic dogs. From the CMG, there were three nerves: the main hypogastric, the left hypogastric and the right hypogastric. The main hypogastric nerve emits two branches: the left colonic nerve and the cranial rectal nerve. Afterwards they give rise to branches to the descending colon (colonic nerves) and rectum (rectal nerves). The cranial rectal nerve, and left and right hypogastric nerves were directed to the pelvic ganglia. The microscopic study permitted the observation of the histological organization of the CMG, which is a ganglionic complex composed of an agglomeration of ganglionic units. Each ganglionic unit is composed of three major cell types: principal ganglion neurones (PGNs), glial cells and small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells, and they were separated by nerve fibres, septa of connective tissue (types 1 and 3 collagen fibres), fibroblasts and intraganglionic capillaries. Hence, the ganglionic unit is the morphological support for the microstructural organization of the CMG complex. Further, each ganglionic unit is constituted by a cellular triad (SIF cells, PGN and glial cells), which is the cytological basis for each ganglionic unit.
肠系膜后神经节（CMG）位于腹主动脉腹侧，涉及肠系膜后动脉起始段。对40只家犬的肠系膜后神经节的大体和微观结构组织进行了研究。肠系膜后神经节发出三条神经：主要腹下神经、左腹下神经和右腹下神经。主要腹下神经发出两支：左结肠神经和直肠前神经。之后，它们发出分支至降结肠（结肠神经）和直肠（直肠神经）。直肠前神经以及左、右腹下神经通向盆腔神经节。微观研究使得能够观察到肠系膜后神经节的组织学结构，它是一个由神经节单位聚集而成的神经节复合体。每个神经节单位由三种主要细胞类型组成：神经节主神经元（PGN）、神经胶质细胞和小而强荧光（SIF）细胞，它们被神经纤维、结缔组织隔膜（1型和3型胶原纤维）、成纤维细胞和神经节内毛细血管分隔开。因此，神经节单位是肠系膜后神经节复合体微观结构组织的形态学支撑。此外，每个神经节单位由一个细胞三联体（SIF细胞、PGN和神经胶质细胞）构成，这是每个神经节单位的细胞学基础。
