Waterworth Susan
School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Adv Nurs. 2003 Sep;43(5):432-40. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02740.x.
With the increasing emphasis on efficiency and effectiveness in health care, how a nurse manages her time is an important consideration. Whilst time management is recognized as an important component of work performance and professional nursing practice, the reality of this process in nursing practice has been subject to scant empirical investigation.
To explore how nurses organize and manage their time.
A qualitative study was carried out, incorporating narratives (22 nurses), focus groups (24 nurses) and semi-structured interviews (22 nurses). In my role as practitioner researcher I undertook observation and had informal conversations, which provided further data. Study sites were five health care organizations in the United Kingdom during 1995-1999.
Time management is complex, with nurses using a range of time management strategies and a repertoire of actions. Two of these strategies, namely routinization and prioritizing, are discussed, including their implications for understanding time management by nurses in clinical practice.
Ignoring the influence of 'others', the team and the organization perpetuates a rather individualistic and self-critical perspective of time management. This may lead to a failure to address problems in the organizing of work, and the co-ordinating of care involving other health care workers.
随着医疗保健领域对效率和效果的重视程度不断提高，护士如何管理自己的时间成为一个重要的考量因素。虽然时间管理被认为是工作绩效和专业护理实践的重要组成部分，但护理实践中这一过程的实际情况却很少受到实证研究。
探讨护士如何组织和管理他们的时间。
开展了一项定性研究，纳入了叙事研究（22名护士）、焦点小组（24名护士）和半结构化访谈（22名护士）。作为实践研究者，我进行了观察并进行了非正式交谈，从而提供了更多数据。研究地点是1995年至1999年期间英国的五个医疗保健机构。
时间管理很复杂，护士们使用一系列时间管理策略和一系列行动。讨论了其中两种策略，即常规化和优先级排序，包括它们对理解临床实践中护士时间管理的影响。
忽视“他人”、团队和组织的影响会使时间管理的观点一直停留在相当个人主义和自我批评的层面。这可能导致无法解决工作组织中的问题以及涉及其他医护人员的护理协调问题。
