Law Malcolm R, Wald Nicholas J
Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and the London, Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of London, London, UK.
Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2003 Jul-Aug;46(1):31-8. doi: 10.1016/s0033-0620(03)00078-1.
Cohort and case control studies show a 30% excess risk of ischemic heart disease in nonsmokers whose spouses smoke compared with that in nonsmokers whose spouses do not smoke. There is a nonlinear dose-response; the excess risk from actively smoking 20 cigarettes/day is only 80%. Large cohort studies of active smoking support the nonliner dose-response (the excess risk in smokers of 5 cigarettes/day is about 50%). Animal studies show a pronounced vascular effect of environmental tobacco smoke. In experimental studies passive and active smoking have similar effects on platelet aggregation. The collective evidence supports a significant effect of low dose tobacco smoke exposure in causing ischaemic heart disease.
队列研究和病例对照研究表明，配偶吸烟的非吸烟者患缺血性心脏病的风险比配偶不吸烟的非吸烟者高30%。存在非线性剂量反应；每天主动吸烟20支的额外风险仅为80%。对主动吸烟的大型队列研究支持非线性剂量反应（每天吸5支烟的吸烟者的额外风险约为50%）。动物研究表明环境烟草烟雾对血管有显著影响。在实验研究中，被动吸烟和主动吸烟对血小板聚集有相似的影响。综合证据支持低剂量烟草烟雾暴露在导致缺血性心脏病方面有显著影响。
