Veenstra van Nieuwenhoven A L, Heineman M J, Faas M M
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Hum Reprod Update. 2003 Jul-Aug;9(4):347-57. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmg026.
Immune responses play an important role in various reproductive processes, including ovulation, menstruation and parturition. Clearly, during pregnancy, when the mother must accept a semi-allogeneic fetus, immune responses also play a very important role. This was first recognized by Medawar in 1953, when the concept of the fetal allograft was presented in order to explain the immunological relationship between mother and fetus. Since then, the immunology of pregnancy has been the leading subject within reproductive immunology research. Yet, the question of why the semi-allogeneic fetus is not rejected by the mother remains unresolved. The present review provides an update of current knowledge on the subject of the so-called 'immunological paradox of pregnancy'.
免疫反应在包括排卵、月经和分娩在内的各种生殖过程中发挥着重要作用。显然，在怀孕期间，母亲必须接受一个半同种异体胎儿，免疫反应同样起着非常重要的作用。这一现象最早在1953年由梅达沃发现，当时他提出了胎儿同种异体移植的概念，以解释母亲与胎儿之间的免疫关系。从那时起，妊娠免疫学就一直是生殖免疫学研究的主要课题。然而，半同种异体胎儿为何不被母亲排斥的问题仍未得到解决。本综述提供了关于所谓“妊娠免疫悖论”这一主题的最新知识。
