Peretti-Watel Patrick, Guagliardo Valérie, Verger Pierre, Pruvost Jacques, Mignon Patrick, Obadia Yolande
Regional Centre for Disease Control of South-Eastern France (ORS PACA), and INSERM Research Unit 379, Social Sciences Applied to Medical Innovation, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France.
Addiction. 2003 Sep;98(9):1249-56. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00490.x.
To study the relationship between sporting activity and alcohol, cigarette and cannabis use among adolescents and young adults, by focusing on elite student athletes (ESAs).
DESIGN, SETTING, SUBJECTS: Cross-sectional survey (Spring 2002), in a sample of 460 ESAs (ages 16-24 years) recruited at 40 public centres gathering the young sporting elite from 30 different sports in South-Eastern France, comparison with samples of the general population of adolescents in South-Eastern France.
Respondents were asked confidentially by a self-administered questionnaire about their use of licit and illicit drugs, their sporting activity and other aspects of their life-style.
Prevalences of cigarette, alcohol and cannabis use were markedly lower for ESAs than for other adolescents (generally twice or three times as low). Among ESAs, when compared with the practice of an individual sport, the practice of a team sport was correlated positively with alcohol use (OR = 2.7 for girls, OR = 1.8 for boys), and the practice of a sliding sport was correlated positively with cannabis use (for girls: OR = 2.3) and with alcohol use (for boys: 4.3). Girls who entered competition at international level were more prone to smoke cigarettes and cannabis (OR = 6.1 and 2.4, respectively).
As a whole, practising sports as an elite student-athlete can be considered as correlated negatively with cigarette, alcohol and cannabis use. Nevertheless, this relationship depends on the kind of sport practised as well as the level of competition, and further research is needed to understand specific elite athletes' motives for use.
通过关注精英学生运动员，研究青少年和青年成年人的体育活动与酒精、香烟及大麻使用之间的关系。
设计、地点、研究对象：横断面调查（2002年春季），样本为从法国东南部40个公共中心招募的460名精英学生运动员（年龄16 - 24岁），这些中心汇聚了来自30项不同运动的年轻体育精英，与法国东南部青少年普通人群样本进行比较。
通过自填问卷对受访者进行保密询问，内容涉及他们对合法和非法药物的使用、体育活动及生活方式的其他方面。
精英学生运动员的香烟、酒精和大麻使用率明显低于其他青少年（通常低两倍或三倍）。在精英学生运动员中，与个人运动项目相比，团队运动项目与酒精使用呈正相关（女孩的OR = 2.7，男孩的OR = 1.8），而滑冰运动与大麻使用呈正相关（女孩：OR = 2.3）以及与酒精使用呈正相关（男孩：4.3）。参加国际比赛的女孩更倾向于吸烟和使用大麻（OR分别为6.1和2.4）。
总体而言，作为精英学生运动员从事体育运动可被视为与香烟、酒精和大麻使用呈负相关。然而，这种关系取决于所从事的运动类型以及比赛水平，需要进一步研究以了解特定精英运动员使用这些物品的动机。
