Millis K
Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb 60115, USA.
Emotion. 2001 Sep;1(3):320-9.
The extent to which titles influence aesthetic experiences was examined in 3 experiments. Participants viewed and rated illustrations and photographs on understanding and qualities of the aesthetic experience (e.g., enjoyment, interest). The presence and type of title were manipulated across conditions and experiments. Metaphorical titles led to greater aesthetic experiences than either no title or descriptive titles (the elaboration effect). The elaboration effect occurred regardless of whether participants believed the titles to be true or false. It also occurred for art-experienced participants, but only for representational and not abstract illustrations. Random titles lowered understanding but not aesthetic experiences. Overall, titles increased aesthetic experiences only when they contributed to rich and coherent representations.
在3个实验中研究了标题对审美体验的影响程度。参与者观看并评价插图和照片在审美体验的理解和品质方面（如愉悦感、兴趣）的表现。在不同条件和实验中对标题的有无及类型进行了操控。隐喻性标题比无标题或描述性标题能带来更强烈的审美体验（阐释效应）。无论参与者认为标题是真是假，阐释效应都会出现。对于有艺术体验的参与者，该效应也会出现，但仅适用于具象插图而非抽象插图。随机标题降低了理解度，但未影响审美体验。总体而言，只有当标题有助于形成丰富且连贯的表征时，才会增强审美体验。
