Blitvich J D, McElroy G K, Blanksby B A, Parler H E
University of Ballarat, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia.
J Sci Med Sport. 2003 Jun;6(2):155-65. doi: 10.1016/s1440-2440(03)80251-7.
This study investigated diving skill maintenance over an eight-month retention period following an intervention program. Thirty-four recreational swimmers with poor diving skills were measured before and immediately after a diving skills intervention program. Twenty-two returned for follow-up evaluation. Treadwater, Deck and Block dives were video-recorded, and maximum depth, distance, velocity, entry angle and flight distance were compared. Underwater hand and arm positions were examined. Pre-intervention, a breaststroke arm action before maximum depth occurred in 18% of all dives and 38% of Treadwater dives. This was eliminated post-intervention, improving head protection. The Treadwater dive elicited the greatest mean maximum depth, and ANOVA showed depth for this entry decreased (improved) following intervention and remained shallower at follow-up. Deck and Block dives also became shallower following intervention. As seven 10-minute skills sessions resulted in shallower dives with safer hand and arm positions, including safe diving skills in learn-to-swim programs can provide a diving spinal cord injury prevention strategy.
本研究调查了在一项干预计划后的八个月保留期内潜水技能的维持情况。对34名潜水技能较差的休闲游泳者在潜水技能干预计划之前和之后立即进行了测量。22人返回进行随访评估。对踩水式、跳台式和出发式潜水进行了视频记录，并比较了最大深度、距离、速度、入水角度和飞行距离。检查了水下手部和手臂的位置。干预前，在所有潜水中18%以及踩水式潜水中38%在达到最大深度之前出现蛙泳手臂动作。干预后这种情况被消除，改善了头部保护。踩水式潜水产生的平均最大深度最大，方差分析显示该入水方式的深度在干预后降低（得到改善），并且在随访时仍较浅。干预后跳台式和出发式潜水也变浅了。由于七次10分钟的技能课程导致潜水变浅，手部和手臂位置更安全，因此在游泳学习计划中纳入安全潜水技能可以提供一种预防潜水脊髓损伤的策略。
