Kimura Naoko, Fukuwatari Tsutomu, Sasaki Ryuzo, Hayakawa Fumiko, Shibata Katsumi
Laboratory of Food Science, Department of Life Style Studies, School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, 2500 Hassakacho, Hikone, Shiga 522-8533, Japan.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2003 Jun;49(3):149-55. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.49.149.
The Standard Food Tables of Japanese Foods was newly revised in 2000, and contains information on all of the vitamins except biotin. Thus, we carried out a survey of vitamin intake in Japanese women who were university seniors majoring a dietitian course. The subjects (n = 33) consumed self-selected foods, and food intake was recorded by the weight method. We calculated the vitamin intake except for biotin from the food records using the Standard Food Tables of Japanese Foods. In terms of daily intake, vitamin A was 705+/-435 microg (mean+/-SD), vitamin D 6+/-8 microg, vitamin E 7.7+/-3.0 mg, vitamin K 191+/-156 microg, vitamin B1 0.7+/-0.3 mg (0.43+/-0.15 mg/1,000 kcal), vitamin B2 1.1+/-0.4 mg (0.65+/-0.18 mg/1,000 kcal), vitamin B6 0.9+/-0.4 mg (0.017+/-0.005 mg/g protein), vitamin B12 4.4+/-4.1 microg, niacin equivalent 23+/-7 mg (14.4+/-4.9 mg/1,000 kcal), pantothenic acid 4.6+/-1.4 mg, folic acid 267+/-115 microg, and vitamin C 73+/-38 mg. All of these averages were around the Japanese Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for level "III (preferable)" of physical activity. Major vitamin A resources were vegetables; vitamin D resources, fish; vitamin E resources, fats and oils and vegetables; vitamin K resources, vegetables; vitamin B1 resources, cereals and animal meats; vitamin B2 resources, various foods; vitamin B6 resources, cereals, vegetables, fish, and animal meats; vitamin B12 resources, fish; niacin equivalent resources, fish, animal meats, and cereals; pantothenic acid resources, various foods; folic acid resources, vegetables; and vitamin C resources, vegetables and potatoes. From this survey, it was found that Japanese women college students consumed many kinds of food, and therefore, their vitamin nutrition was good as compared to the RDA values for level III of physical activity; however, their energy intake (1,622+/-377 kcal) was lower than the RDA for level III (2,050 kcal/d). Their strength of physical activity would be level I. Therefore, in consideration of their lifestyle, their energy intakes is considered adequate. In conclusion, a problem for student lifestyle is a shortage of food intake due to lack of exercise.
《日本食品标准营养成分表》于2000年进行了新修订，其中包含了除生物素以外所有维生素的信息。因此，我们对主修营养师课程的大四日本女大学生的维生素摄入量进行了调查。研究对象（n = 33）食用自行选择的食物，并采用称重法记录食物摄入量。我们根据《日本食品标准营养成分表》，从食物记录中计算出除生物素以外的维生素摄入量。就每日摄入量而言，维生素A为705±435微克（均值±标准差），维生素D为6±8微克，维生素E为7.7±3.0毫克，维生素K为191±156微克，维生素B1为0.7±0.3毫克（0.43±0.15毫克/1000千卡），维生素B2为1.1±0.4毫克（0.65±0.18毫克/1000千卡），维生素B6为0.9±0.4毫克（0.017±0.005毫克/克蛋白质），维生素B12为4.4±4.1微克，烟酸当量为23±7毫克（14.4±4.9毫克/1000千卡），泛酸为4.6±1.4毫克，叶酸为267±115微克，维生素C为73±38毫克。所有这些平均值均接近日本体力活动水平“III（适宜）”的推荐膳食摄入量（RDA）。维生素A的主要来源是蔬菜；维生素D的来源是鱼类；维生素E的来源是油脂和蔬菜；维生素K的来源是蔬菜；维生素B1的来源是谷物和肉类；维生素B2的来源是各类食物；维生素B6的来源是谷物、蔬菜、鱼类和肉类；维生素B12的来源是鱼类；烟酸当量的来源是鱼类、肉类和谷物；泛酸的来源是各类食物；叶酸的来源是蔬菜；维生素C的来源是蔬菜和土豆。通过此次调查发现，日本女大学生食用多种食物，因此，与体力活动水平III的RDA值相比，她们的维生素营养状况良好；然而，她们的能量摄入量（1622±377千卡）低于体力活动水平III的RDA（2050千卡/天）。她们的体力活动强度应为I级。因此，考虑到她们的生活方式，其能量摄入量被认为是充足的。总之，学生生活方式存在的一个问题是由于缺乏运动导致食物摄入量不足。
