Pincombe Jan, Brown Margaret, McCutcheon Helen
School of Nursing, University of South Australia, Australia.
J Palliat Care. 2003 Summer;19(2):77-86.
Research was conducted in two teaching hospitals in Australia to collect data on the care of patients dying in the acute care setting.
Non-participant observation of the care of dying patients in medical wards was the primary method of data collection and selected staff were interviewed. Observers collected data on the type of care, who gave the care, and the time given to care. Thematic analysis was applied to both the observational and interview data.
Patients selected were over the age of 18 years, with a terminal diagnosis and an estimated six days to live.
Three major factors emerged from the data to form the context in which patients were cared for and died: 1) the organizational factor, 2) the environmental factor, and 3) the human factor. The presence or absence of family members influenced the amount of care given. If family members were not present, dying could be an isolating experience, with minimal care focused on routine hospital activities.
This research indicated that the principles of palliative care are yet to be incorporated in the acute care hospital setting.
在澳大利亚的两家教学医院开展研究，以收集急性护理环境中临终患者护理情况的数据。
对内科病房临终患者护理进行非参与式观察是主要的数据收集方法，并对选定的工作人员进行访谈。观察者收集有关护理类型、护理人员以及护理时间的数据。对观察数据和访谈数据均采用主题分析法。
选定的患者年龄在18岁以上，患有终末期疾病且预计生存期为6天。
数据中出现了三个主要因素，形成了患者接受护理直至死亡的背景情况：1）组织因素，2）环境因素，3）人为因素。家庭成员的在场与否影响了护理的程度。如果家庭成员不在场，临终可能是一种孤立无援的经历，护理主要集中在常规医院活动上，非常有限。
本研究表明，姑息治疗原则尚未纳入急性护理医院环境中。
